Biology: Chapter 5- Cytology Review Part Two

Question 1

The cells that a microbiologist grows in his lab come from already existing cells.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The cell theory is so foundational to biology that it will need to be changed as new things about cells are discovered over time.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Bacteria are both unicellular and prokaryotic.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The Golgi apparatus is the “post office” of the cell.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

The nucleus is the “powerhouse” of the cell.

Answer 5

False; the mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 6

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells don’t contain genetic material.

Answer 6

False; they actually do.

Question 7

Even though the current model of the cell is being used to create amazing treatments for people, scientists should continue to learn about the cell to create even better treatments.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

When you’re sick with the flu, your body raises its temperature, giving you a fever, which kills the flu virus. This is an example of negative feedback.

Answer 8

False; it isn’t positive feedback or negative feedback.

Question 9

When a cell is in an isotonic solution, the cell is in its optimal range.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Diffusion doesn’t require any energy to transport materials across a cell membrane, but facilitated diffusion does.

Answer 10

False; neither of them do.

Question 11

Exocytosis uses energy to engulf particles for a cell.

Answer 11

False; endocytosis used energy to engulf particles for a cell, not exocytosis.

Question 12

large molecules can enter a cell passively using _______ or actively using ______.

Answer 12

Facilitated transport, Endocytosis

Question 13

Search passive transport doesn’t use any energy, how does a particle move from the outside to the inside of a cell?

Answer 13

By its own natural motion.

Question 14

Which passively travels across the cell membrane more easily— a polar or a non-polar molecule?

Answer 14

A non-polar molecule.

Question 15

If you add too much fertilizer to your house plants water, the plant will die. Why do you think this happens?

Answer 15

I think this happens because the ratio of fertilizer to water is not equal. And since there is more fertilizer in the house plants water, it dries up the water before the plant can drink any of it. Basically, the solution is hypertonic.

Question 16

When you don’t get enough sleep your body produces high levels of stress hormone to deal with the lack of sleep. Which range of conditions does this example represent? Explain your answer.

Answer 16

The range of conditions this example represents is the range of tolerance. I say this because your body is in a state where your cells are handling it by putting in extra work.

Question 17

Which organelle is most responsible for making proteins?

Answer 17

Ribosomes.

Question 18

Place these plant organelles in order from largest to smallest: granum, apply thylakoid, chloroplast.

Answer 18

Chloroplast, granum, and thylakoid.

Question 19

List three structures that are found in all types of cells.

Answer 19

A membrane, ribosome, and lysosome.

Question 20

Which kind of cell contains organelles with membranes around them?

Answer 20

Eukaryotic

Question 21

A eukaryotic cell has a membrane and nucleus, but a prokaryotic cell does not.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Do unicellular organisms have tissues? Why or why not?

Answer 22

Unicellular organisms do not have tissues. I say this because tissues are made up of multiple cells but a unicellular organism is an organism that is made up of only one cell.

Question 23

Positive feedback causes the process to slow down or stop, and negative feedback causes the process to speed up.

Answer 23

False; positive feedback causes the process to speed up, and negative feedback causes the process to slow down or stop.

Question 24

How is active transport different from facilitated diffusion?

Answer 24

Active transport is different from facilitated diffusion because active transport moves molecules by using chemical energy, while facilitated diffusion moves molecules with the help of transport proteins. Also, active transport moves molecules across a membrane while facilitated diffusion moves molecules through a cell membrane.

Question 25

How are they the same?

Answer 25

Active transport and facilitated diffusion are similar because they are both moving molecules around, help equalize concentration, and the direction of flow for them is higher to lower.