Biology Chapter 12

Question 1

What is produced in aerobic respiration? Where are they produced?

Answer 1

Oxygen and water are produced in the mitochondria of plant and animal cells.

Question 2

What is a heterotroph? What is another name for it?

Answer 2

Heterotroph means to feed on others. Another name for this is a consumer.

Question 3

What does autotroph mean? Why are plants called autotrophs?

Answer 3

Autotroph means to feed on oneself. Plants are called autotrophs because plants feed on food they make themselves. Plants are producers.

Question 4

What percentage of the food they make do plants use?

Answer 4

85% to 90%

Question 5

This is the reverse of photosynthesis

Answer 5

This is the reverse of respiration

Question 6

This is another name for light

Answer 6

electromagnetic radiation

Question 7

Pigments

Answer 7

molecules that absorb and reflect light

Question 8

This man experimented with algae and the rainbow

Answer 8

Wilhelm Englemann

Question 9

Plants have this and what does it mean

Answer 9

Irreducible complexity, meaning that nothing in them can exist without everything else.

Question 10

Chemosynthesizers

Answer 10

Bacteria that can extract energy from sulfur rather than light

Question 11

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 11

systems do not spontaneously gain energy and become more complex, instead they lose energy and break down

Question 12

Oxidation

Answer 12

the removal of electrons and the energy stored in chemical bonds

Question 13

This is what happens when oxygen reacts with molecules

Answer 13

It removes electrons that are part of the bonds between atoms of the molecules

Question 14

Reduction

Answer 14

adding electrons via hydrogen atoms

Question 15

The reduction that occurs in photosynthesis was performed by this person

Answer 15

Robin Hill

Question 16

Light reaction

Answer 16

has to occur in sunlight. ATP molecules are formed, NADP was reduced to NADPH. Water molecules were split to form O2 molecules.

Question 17

Dark reaction

Answer 17

does not need sunlight, ATP molecules supply energgy to build glucose molecule, formation of glucose.

Question 18

Plants are called this when in moderate conditions of moisture and temperature

Answer 18

C3 plants. They are called this because CO2 is combined into 3 carbon molecules.

Question 19

If the climate is hotter and drier, the plants are called this

Answer 19

C4 plants. These plants store CO2 in 4 carbon molecules

Question 20

These are found in hot, dry deserts

Answer 20

CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism) plants

Question 21

Stomata (singular is stoma)

Answer 21

CO2 enters leaves through these openings on the underside of leaves