Biology Chapter 10

Question 1

What is biodiversity?

Answer 1

The variety of life that can be found in a particular area

Question 2

What is a species?

Answer 2

A unit of classification capable of breeding to produce living, fertile offspring

Question 3

Describe the binomial naming system

Answer 3

Generic name = genus

Specific name = species

Question 4

What does courtship behaviour enable species to do?

Answer 4

1. Recognise members of their own species
2. Identify a mate that is capable of breeding
3. Form a pair bond
4. Synchronise mating
5. Become able to breed

Question 5

What are the 7 taxa in order?

Answer 5

Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 6

What are the three types of domain?

Answer 6

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

Question 7

What is species diversity?

Answer 7

The number of different species and the number of different individuals in a community

Question 8

What is genetic diversity?

Answer 8

The variety of genes in a population

Question 9

What is ecosystem diversity?

Answer 9

The range of different habitats

Question 10

Describe the impact of agriculture on species diversity

Answer 10

Reduces species diversity

Question 11

What are some of the techniques to maintain biodiversity?

Answer 11

1. Using hedgerows instead of fences
2. Maintaining and creating ponds
3. Reducing the draining of wetlands
4. Reducing the use of pesticides and herbicides
5. Crop rotation
6. Intercropping
7. Creating natural meadows

Question 12

How can you compare the diversity within and between species?

Answer 12

1. Observable characteristics
2. Base sequence of DNA
3. Base sequence of RNA
4. Amino acid sequences of proteins

Question 13

What are the limitations to comparing observable characteristics?

Answer 13

1. Characteristics could be coded for by more than one gene
2. The characteristic could be influenced by the environment
3. They vary continuously
4. The same characteristics could have arisen separately

Question 14

What is interspecific variation?

Answer 14

Differences between species

Question 15

What is infraspecific variation?

Answer 15

Differences between individuals of the same species

Question 16

Why might random sampling not be representative of a population?

Answer 16

1. Sampling bias

2. Chance

Question 17

How do you eliminate sampling bias?

Answer 17

Place quadrants at regular intervals along a transect and measure the different species. Or randomly place the quadrants. The coordinates can be found using a random number generator to select where to sample.

Question 18

How do you increase reliability of any data?

Answer 18

Use a larger sample size

Question 19

What is the mean?

Answer 19

The value at the maximum height of the normal distribution curve, which provides no information about the range of values collected

Question 20

What is standard deviation?

Answer 20

The width of the normal distribution curve. It is the point where the curve changed from being convex to concave.

Question 21

Define ‘species richness’

Answer 21

The measure of the number of different species in a community

Question 22

Define ‘index of diversity’

Answer 22

Another way to measure biodiversity. Calculated using an equation that takes both the number of species in a community and he abundance of each species