Biology: Chapter 1 Flashcards
The Scientific Process
- Observation
- Hypothesis
- Predictions
- Testing/Controls
- Conclusion
Inductive Reasoning
A way of discovering general principles by careful examination of specific cases.
Deductive Reasoning
Uses general principles to explain specific observations.
Theory vs. Certainty
Theory is a unifying explanation for a broad range of observations.
Certainty is when it has been proven true and there is no debate otherwise.
Six Kingdoms of Life
- Archaea
- Bacteria
- Protista
- Fungi
- Plantae
- Animals
Archaea
Simplest.
No nucleus.
Bacteria
Simplest cellular organism
Protista
Single celled.
Contains a nucleus.
Fungi
Digests food externally.
Plantae
Photosynthesizes.
Animalia
Digests food internally.
Properties of Life
What makes something alive?
- Cellular Organization
- Metabolism
- Homeostasis
- Growth and Reproduction
- Heredity
Cellular Organization
All living things are composed of one of more cells.
Metabolism
All organisms require and transfer energy to
function.
Homeostasis
All living things maintain stable internal conditions.
Growth and Reproduction
All living things grow and reproduce.
Heredity
All organisms possess DNA which they pass on to future generations.
Five Themes of Biology
- Evolution
- Flow of Energy
- Cooperation
- Homeostasis
- Structure Determines Function
Evolution
The change in a species over time.
Flow of Energy
Requires energy to carry out activities.
Cooperation
Organisms from two different species live in direct contact or close association.
Homeostasis
Acts to maintain a stable environment.
Structure Determines Function
A result of evolution.
Four Unifying Theories of Biology
- Cell Theory
- Gene Theory
- Theory of Heredity
- Theory of Evolution
