Biology CH4: part 3

Question 1

RNA contains ____ sugar or ______ acid.

Answer 1

Ribose sugar, ribonucleic acid.

Question 2

RNA is _ strand(s,ed)

Answer 2

1 stranded

Question 3

RNA REPLACES THYMINE WITH ____

Answer 3

Uracil (U)

Question 4

RNA (is/isn’t) confined to the nucleus.

Answer 4

Isn’t

Question 5

Three types of RNA

Answer 5

Messenger RNA (mRNA), Ribosomal RNA (rRNA), Transfer RNA(tRNA).

Question 6

_________ ___Takes the instructions from the DNA in the nucleus into the cytoplasm (where proteins are made)

Answer 6

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 7

Ribosomes are composed of rRNA and proteins. Provides the site for protein assembly.

Answer 7

Ribosomal RNA (mRNA)

Question 8

Delivers amino acids to the ribosome to assemble the protein.

Answer 8

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 9

____: the process in which mRNA is synthesized from the DNA in the nucleus.

Answer 9

Transcription

Question 10

Transcription process is similar to DNA replication, except ____ replaces thymine and only one strand is produced.

Answer 10

Uracil

Question 11

_____carriers the sequence of bases out into the cytoplasm, to a ribosome.

Answer 11

mRNA

Question 12

Every set of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA is a ____ and ____ for one specific amino acids.

Answer 12

Codon and codes.

Question 13

____: the process of converting the base sequence info in the mRNA into a sequence of amino acids (into a protein).

Answer 13

Translation

Question 14

What takes place at the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Answer 14

Translation

Question 15

____ bring amino acids to the ribosome.

Answer 15

tRNA

Question 16

Each tRNA molecule can attach to only ___ type of amino acid.

Answer 16

One

Question 17

_____ structure: amino acid on one acid. -Anticodon on other end.-Anticodon matches with the codon on the mRNA molecule. - Amino acid is deliver.

Answer 17

tRNA

Question 18

When the whole process is finished, the ____ chain breaks off , forms it’s final shape, becoming a protein or part of a protein.

Answer 18

Polypeptide

Question 19

template for RNA transcription

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

Carries the genetic code to ribosomes

Answer 20

mRNA

Question 21

Formed of an mRNA base triplet

Answer 21

codon

Question 22

specifies a particular amino acid

Answer 22

codon

Question 23

site of protein synthesis

Answer 23

ribosome

Question 24

carries amino acids to ribosome

Answer 24

tRNA

Question 25

tRNA triplet that pairs with codon

Answer 25

anticodon

Question 26

Codon that start polypeptide synthesis

Answer 26

AUG

Question 27

Codons that stop polypeptide synthesis

Answer 27

UAA UAG UGA

Question 28

Given the amino acid Tryptophan (UGG) give the DNA base triplet and the anticodon.

Answer 28

DNA base triplet: ACC

anticodon:ACC

Question 29

Given the amino acid Methionine (AUG) give the DNA base triplet and the anticodon.

Answer 29

DNA base triplet: TAC

anticodon:UAC

Question 30

Some proteins become important structures such as _____ while others, such as enzymes, control chemical reactions that perform key life functions ( example:….).Thus by encoding the instructions for making proteins , DNA controls cells.

Answer 30

• Filaments in muscle tissue

- breaking down glucose molecules in cellular respiration, digesting food, or making spindle fibers during mitosis.

Question 31

What is the role of RNA in the cell?

Answer 31

They take from one DNA the instructions on how the protein should be assembled, then- amino acid by amino acid- they assemble the protein.

Question 32

mRNA moves from

Answer 32

Cytoplasm to a ribosome

Question 33

rRNA is the supplier!

Answer 33

:)

Question 34

Difference between replication and transcription.

Answer 34

Transcription results in the formation of one single-strandedRNA molecule rather than doulbe stranded DNA molecule.