Biology- Cell Quiz

Question 1

what are the THREE parts of the cell theory?

Answer 1

1. all living things are made up of one or more cells
2. the cell is the simplest unit that can carry out all life processes
3. all living cells come from other cells and not from non-living matter

Question 2

what are the two types of organisms?

Answer 2

Prokaryotes - no nucleus

Eukaryotes - have nucleus

Question 3

define asexual reproduction.

Answer 3

the process of producing offspring from one parent which is genetically identical to the parent

Question 4

define sexual reproduction.

Answer 4

the process of producing offspring by the fusion of two gametes, where the offspring has genetic information from both parents.

Question 5

what are three reasons for cell division not related to cell division?

Answer 5

growth, repair, maintenance

Question 6

which type of cells divide rapidly?

Answer 6

embryonic and cancer

Question 7

which type of cell never divides?

Answer 7

nerve cells never divide

Question 8

define interphase.

Answer 8

part of the cell cycle when the cell performs its normal functions and DNA is copied for cell division

Question 9

define mitosis

Answer 9

part of the cell cycle when the DNA in the nucleus is divided

Question 10

what are the four stages of mitosis?

Answer 10

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 11

define cytokinesis.

Answer 11

the stage when the cytoplasm divides to complete cell division.

Question 12

define daughter cells.

Answer 12

two genetically identical new cells formed when one parent cell divides.

Question 13

what happens during early prophase?

Answer 13

• chromatin is condensing
• nucleolus begins to disappear
• mitotic spindle begins to form

Question 14

what happens during late prophase?

Answer 14

• individual chromosomes can be seen (each consists of 2 identical sister chromatids)
• nuclear membrane breaks down
• DNA coiled

Question 15

what happens during metaphase?

Answer 15

• spindle is complete

- chromosomes are lined up at equator

Question 16

what happens during anaphase?

Answer 16

• daughter chromosomes are being pulled to the poles of cell

- spindle fibers are shortening

Question 17

what happens during telophase?

Answer 17

• chromosomes have lost condensed form
• cytokinesis has begun
• cell plate will divide the cytoplasm
• nuclear membrane is reforming
• spindle disappeared
• daughter chromosomes have reached poles

Question 18

define cancer.

Answer 18

a disease of the cycle where some of the body’s cells divide uncontrollably and tumours form.

Question 19

define tumour.

Answer 19

a mass of cells that continue to divide without an obvious function

Question 20

define benign tumour.

Answer 20

cells stay together and do not effect the surrounding tissue - not cancer

Question 21

define malignant tumour.

Answer 21

interferes with the function of surrounding tissue - cancerous

Question 22

define metastasis.

Answer 22

process of cancer cells breaking away from the primary tumour and starting a new secondary tumour somewhere else in the body