biology - biodiversity & classification

Question 1

Define biodiversity

Answer 1

The number of different species and number of individuals of those species living in an area.

Question 2

Define alien species

Answer 2

Species that have been introduced into an area where they do not naturally occur

Question 3

Define invasive species

Answer 3

Species that have been introduced into an area and become pests.

Question 4

What is CITES

(Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species)

Answer 4

Laws controlling how people buy or sell plant or animal products (e.g. ivory, hardwood)

Question 5

what are seed banks

Answer 5

Laboratories where the seeds of rare plants can be stored safely.

Question 6

what is Captive breeding

Answer 6

Usually carried out by zoos to increase the population of an endangered species, with the aim of releasing it into the wild.

Question 7

what are SSSI

(Sites of special scientific interest)

Answer 7

Areas of land that are to be conserved in their current state because certain endangered species live there.

Question 8

what are the Local Biodiversity Action Plans

Answer 8

A document that shows how a local authority intends to conserve the biodiversity in its area by engaging local people.

Question 9

what are National Parks

Answer 9

Large areas of land designated by the government for conservation and recreation.

Question 10

State 3 assumptions that must be met if the results of the capture-recapture method are to be valid.

Answer 10

Some of the animals from the first sample will be recaptured.

Marking has no effect on the animals survival

Trapping has no effect on the animals survival.

Question 11

State 2 ways in which bias can be avoided in the capture-recapture method.

Answer 11

Allow sufficient time for the animals to disperse randomly after the 1st sampling.

Ensure that trapping does not make individuals more likely to be collected (e.g. more visible/ trap-happy or trap-shy).

Question 12

State 1 way in which the accuracy of the method can be improved.

Answer 12

Increase sample size.

Question 13

problem - Too many plants in the quadrat makes counting difficult
how can you fix this?

Answer 13

Use a smaller quadrat.

Question 14

problem - Plants grow in clumps, they are not evenly distributed

Answer 14

Take more samples to get a more accurate mean.

Question 15

You are tempted to prove that your hypothesis is correct, how do you avoid bias in your quadrat experiment?

Answer 15

Place quadrats randomly to avoid bias

Question 16

You need to test the effect of soil type on plant distribution.

Answer 16

Collect repeat readings at different sites using exactly the same method

Question 17

You need investigate changes in population as a result of a nearby housing development. How would you conduct this experiment in order to make sure the results are viable?

Answer 17

Collect readings using the same method at the same time over a number of years.

Question 18

You need to investigate changes in population away from a road.

Answer 18

Sample quadrats along a transect line.

Question 19

What should you do if half of the plant was in the quadrat and half was out?

Answer 19

Choose two sides of the quadrat to count as in & two to count as out. Keep this consistent throughout the sampling.

Question 20

Define a population

Answer 20

A population is a group of organisms of the same species living together in the same place.

Question 21

what is the calculation for population growth

Answer 21

Population growth = (birth rate – death rate) + (immigration – emigration)

Question 22

Define Birth rate

Answer 22

The number of individuals being born in a specific time (e.g. a year)

Question 23

Define Immigration

Answer 23

The number of individuals moving into an area

Question 24

Define Death rate

Answer 24

The number of individuals dying in a specific time-period.

Question 25

Define Emigration

Answer 25

The number of individuals moving out of an area.