Biology Basics And Biochemistry

Question 1

The six main elements of life are…

Answer 1

CHONPS

Question 2

List the hierarchy of life going from smallest to largest

Answer 2

Atom
Molecule
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism

Question 3

Define a Polar molecule

Answer 3

Unequal sharing of the electrons causes one end of a molecule to have an overall negative charge and one side to have an overall positive charge

Question 4

Define adhesion

Answer 4

Molecules are attracted to molecules of different types

Question 5

Define cohesion

Answer 5

Attraction between molecules of the same type

Question 6

The pH of most cells is….

Answer 6

7

Question 7

What are the 4 main macromolecules?

Answer 7

Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

Question 8

List facts on carbohydrates

Answer 8

Comprised of C H(2) and O
Energy molecule
May combine with proteins or lipids
Cellulose is a structural component in plants
Form via polymerization

Question 9

Define glycogen

Answer 9

Stored sugar in animals, usually in liver where it can be converted back to monosaccharide form

Question 10

Define starch

Answer 10

Stored plant sugar; usually in roots and leaves

Question 11

Define cellulose

Answer 11

Structural carbohydrate in plants; hard to break down in animals; ruminants like cows use Protista and bacteria as an aid; in human diets it serves as indigestible fiber

Question 12

List some Lipid facts

Answer 12

Made up of COH

Stored energy, cell membrane, waxes, steroids

Question 13

List protein facts

Answer 13

Made of COHN and S
Structure, messengers, defense
20 amino acids

Question 14

DNA

Answer 14

Deoxyribosenucleic acid: double helix stores genetic code

Question 15

RNA

Answer 15

Ribonucleic acid single stranded

Question 16

Pyrimidenes

Answer 16

Cytosine, Thymine, and Uracil

Question 17

Purines

Answer 17

Adenine, Guanine