Biology B1.P4

Question 1

Difference between antigens and antibodies

Answer 1

—Antigen - like pathogen
A substance that stimulates an immune response and produces antibodies.

—Antibodies- are produced by B-lymphocytes
Antibodies are proteins produced by cells in the body in, response to the presence of a specific antigen where it binds with it.

Question 2

Reasons for ABO blood type

Answer 2

Is due to the presence of antigens on the plasma membrane of red blood cell.

Question 3

Universal red cell donors:

Answer 3

People with O negative blood don’t have any A, B or Rh antigens on their red blood cells,

which means they can donate red blood cells to anyone (their blood cells won’t trigger the recipient’s immune system to “fight” the blood).

Question 4

Universal recipients:

Answer 4

People with AB blood group have both A and B antigens on
their red blood cells and don’t have antibodies against A or B antigens,

which means they can receive red blood cells of any type (their immune system won’t fight them).

Question 5

The Rhesus (Rh) system

Answer 5

IF you have an antigen called the RhD antigen on the surface of your
red blood cells, you are said to be Rhesus positive (Rh+).

If you don’t, you are said to be Rhesus negative (Rh-).