Biology B1

Question 1

Name the two types of white blood cells

Answer 1

Lymphocytes

Phagocytes

Question 2

State two factors that affect metabolic rate

Answer 2

Exercise
Climate
Genes
proportion of muscle

Question 3

What is an extremophile?

Answer 3

An organism that lives in extreme conditions like a desert, the arctic or space

Question 4

What is a detritivore?

Answer 4

An animal that feeds on dead organic material

Question 5

What is a placebo?

Answer 5

A false drug that the consumer does not know if it is the real drug or not

Question 6

Why are GM crops good?

Answer 6

1) They can give higher crop yields
2) They can be resistant to pests
3) They can grow in colder or warmer climates

Question 7

Why are GM crops bad?

Answer 7

1) They are considered unethical

2) They are not as healthy for other insects like bees and butterflies

Question 8

What is it called if you are overweight, underweight or have a deficiency disease?

Answer 8

Malnourishment

Question 9

What are statins?

Answer 9

Drugs that reduce cholesterol by stopping the enzyme that makes cholesterol from working

Question 10

How do bacteria make you feel ill?

Answer 10

The bacteria split and produce toxins that damage your body

Question 11

How do viruses make you feel ill?

Answer 11

They take over cells in your body, damaging them

Question 12

What are antibiotics?

Answer 12

Medicines that when taken, kill all the bacteria in your body

Question 13

What is a superbug?

Answer 13

A bacteria that has developed a resistance to antibiotics

Question 14

What are antibodies?

Answer 14

Proteins produced by white blood cells that stick onto the antigens on a pathogen, either neutralising it or causing it to break up

Question 15

What is the neurone order that takes place in a reflex arc?

Answer 15

Sensory –> Relay –> Motor

Question 16

What are hormones?

Answer 16

Chemical messengers that control your body

Question 17

What is homeostasis?

Answer 17

Keeping the body’s internal conditions constant

Question 18

What is the hormone order in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 18

FSH –> Oestrogen –> LH

Question 19

What is IVF short for?

Answer 19

In vitro fertilisation: Test tube babies

Question 20

What is a response to a stimulus called?

Answer 20

A tropism

Question 21

What are auxins?

Answer 21

Chemicals that stimulate the growth of plant shoots but slow down the growth of roots

Question 22

What is the name for a physical or behavioural characteristic that helps an animal to survive in an environment?

Answer 22

An adaptation

Question 23

What do animals compete for?

Answer 23

Food
Territory
Mates
Water

Question 24

What is the name of competition between the same species?

Answer 24

Intraspecific competition

Question 25

Why have organisms changed their migrational patterns?

Answer 25

Because of climate change

Question 26

What is a bioindicator?

Answer 26

A living organism that indicates pollution

Question 27

What is the name for the breakdown of organic material?

Answer 27

Decomposition

Question 28

What is continuous variation?

Answer 28

A type of variation that can have any value

Question 29

What is the type of reproduction where the offspring are exact clones of the one parent?

Answer 29

Asexual reproduction

Question 30

What is genetic engineering?

Answer 30

Modifying or changing the genetic code of an organism

Question 31

What are the 5 kingdoms of classification?

Answer 31

``` Animals Bacteria Protists Plants Fungi ```

Question 32

What is the first stage of evolution?

Answer 32

Variation due to mutation

Question 33

What is an example of evolution?

Answer 33

MRSA Superbug developing a resistance to antibiotics

Question 34

What does protein do to the body?

Answer 34

It helps growth (cell building)

Question 35

What 3 diseases does MMR stand for?

Answer 35

Measles, Mumps and Rubella

Question 36

What happens if you overuse antibiotics?

Answer 36

Antibiotic resistant diseases can appear

Question 37

Define metabolic rate

Answer 37

The rate of chemical reactions inside the body

Question 38

Name two diseases linked to obesity

Answer 38

Arthritis Type 2 Diabetes High Blood Pressure Heart Attack

Question 39

What nutrient is contained in Agar?

Answer 39

Carbohydrates

Question 40

What is a pandemic?

Answer 40

The worldwide outbreak of a disease

Question 41

Define obese

Answer 41

Being severely overweight

Question 42

Why should drug users not share needles?

Answer 42

Because viruses are transferred in body fluids

Question 43

Why is an inoculation loop heated in a Bunsen burner flame?

Answer 43

To sterilise it by killing all the bacteria on it

Question 44

How is information carried across a synapse?

Answer 44

By chemical transmitters

Question 45

What do anabolic steroids do?

Answer 45

They increase the growth of muscle.

Question 46

What type of organ produces hormones?

Answer 46

Glands

Question 47

What is thalidomide used for today?

Answer 47

Sleeping pills or for treating leprosy

Question 48

What is the gland that produces FSH?

Answer 48

The pituitary gland

Question 49

Which organ controls the amount of water in the body?

Answer 49

The kidneys

Question 50

What is a drug?

Answer 50

A substance that affects chemical reactions in the body

Question 51

What is a synapse?

Answer 51

A junction between two neurones

Question 52

What is the main purpose of pre-clinical drug testing?

Answer 52

To test if the drug is toxic to humans

Question 53

What is the name for a range of different species?

Answer 53

Biodiversity

Question 54

Why are some animals brightly coloured?

Answer 54

To warn animals that they might be poisonous

Question 55

Why do some desert animals not produce urine?

Answer 55

To conserve water

Question 56

Give three ways in which energy released in respiration is used.

Answer 56

Maintain body temperature, heartbeat or movement.

Question 57

What are the four things needed for decay?

Answer 57

Warmth, moisture, oxygen, microorganisms

Question 58

What are egg and sperm cells called?

Answer 58

Gametes

Question 59

What does it mean to be in the same species?

Answer 59

To be able to breed together and produce fertile offspring.

Question 60

How are genes cut out of chromosomes?

Answer 60

With enzymes