Biology and behavior

Question 1

What are the parts of the brain that are found in the hindbrain?

Answer 1

cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and the reticular formation

Question 2

What is the function of the cerebellum?

Answer 2

movement and coordination

Question 3

What is the function of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 3

breathing and heart rate

Question 4

What is found in the midbrain?

Answer 4

inferior and superior colliculi; involved in auditory and visual

Question 5

What is found in the forebrain?

Answer 5

thalamus, hypothalamus, basal gangla, limbic system (septal nuclei, amygdala, hippocampus)

Question 6

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 6

relay station for sensory info

Question 7

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 7

homeostasis

Question 8

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 8

smoothen movement, maintain posture

Question 9

What is the function of the limbic system? And her parts?

Answer 9

emotions and memory
septal nuclei- pleasure
amygdala- fear and aggression
hippocampus- memories

Question 10

List the 4 sections of the cerebellum and briefly describe what they do

Answer 10

frontal- executive function, impulse control, motor
parietal- sensations
occipital- visual
temporal- auditory, speech, perception, memory, emotion

Question 11

What happens in the left side of the brain?

Answer 11

1. see letters and words
2. hear language sounds
3. most of language
4. complex voluntary movement
   The left side of the brain is the more logical side

Question 12

What happens in the right side of the brain?

Answer 12

1. see faces
2. hear music
3. hear the emotional side of language
4. figure out geometry and a sense of direction
   the right side of the brain is the more creative side

Question 13

What is the function of acetylcholine?

Answer 13

used by all of the nervous system, voluntary muscle control, PNS, and is used for alertness in the CNS

Question 14

What is the function of epinephrine and norepinephrine and where are they released from?

Answer 14

released from the adrenal medulla;
catecholamines; are used in fight or flight, wakefulness, alertness.

epinephrine tends to act as a hormone and norepinephrine acts as a neurtotransmitter

Question 15

What is the function of dopamine?

Answer 15

involved in smooth movements and posture control

Question 16

Which neurotransmitter is involved in schizophrenia and parkinson’s? And describe both of them!

Answer 16

dopamine
schizo- imbalances in dopamine transmission; either too much dopamine or an oversensitivity may be the cause of the hallucinations
parkinsons- there is a loss of dopinergic neurons in the basal ganglia

Question 17

What is the function of serotonin?

Answer 17

mood, sleep, dreaming. over=mania, under=depression

Question 18

What is the function of GABA?

Answer 18

inhibitory post synaptic signals and stabilizes neural activity, causes hyper polarization of the post synaptic membrane

Question 19

What is the function of glycine?

Answer 19

inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS; increases chloride influx, hyper polarization of the post synaptic membrane

Question 20

What is the function of glutamate>

Answer 20

excitatory neurotransmitter

Question 21

What is the function of endorphins?

Answer 21

natural pain killers

Question 22

Describe the different parts of the adrenal gland

Answer 22

adrenal medulla- releases epi and norepinephrine

adrenal cortex- releases corticosteroids including cortisone which is released in times of stress