Biology Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
It is the ability to maintain internal stability in an organism for environmental changes.
What is pathogen?
a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
What is the endocrine system?
The endocrine system is made up of glands that make hormones.
What are hormones?
Hormones are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body.
What is the purpose of hormones?
hormones serve as messengers, controlling and coordinating activities throughout the body.
What is a target cell?
Each hormone can affect only a certain type of cell. These cells are known as target cells.
Name three effects of the ‘fight or flight’ response.
Increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate
What is the role of adrenaline?
Includes increasing the heart rate, increasing blood pressure, expanding the air passages of the lungs, enlarging the pupil in the eye
What is endothermic and an example.
An endothermic reaction is a chemical reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings.
Melting ice cubes or melting solid salts
What is ectothermic and give an example.
Any so-called cold-blooded animal—that is, any animal whose regulation of body temperature depends on external sources, such as sunlight or a heated rock surface.
What are antibiotics?
Medication that destroy or slow down the growth of bacteria.
What is the role of the immune system?
It protects your body from harmful substances, germs.
What are white blood cells?
They help the body fight infection and other diseases.
What is the first line of defence?
Includes physical and chemical barriers that are always ready and prepared to defend the body from infection.
