biology

Question 1

What is a balanced diet?

Answer 1

Diet containing the right balance of foods and amount of energy

Question 2

What are carbohydrates and fats used for?

Answer 2

Energy

Question 3

What are proteins used for?

Answer 3

Build cells

Question 4

What are mineral ions and vitamins needed for?

Answer 4

Healthy functioning of the body

Question 5

When is a person malnourished?

Answer 5

When they do not have a balanced diet

Question 6

Unbalanced diets may lead to what?

Answer 6

Over / under weight deficiency diseases, type 2 diabetes

Question 7

How does exercise help to lose weight?

Answer 7

Increase the amount of energy expended

Question 8

What is metabolic rate?

Answer 8

Rate at which all chemical reactions in the cells take place

Question 9

What affects metabolic rate?

Answer 9

Amount of activity, proportion of muscle to fat ratio

Question 10

Cholesterol levels are affected by diet and what else?

Answer 10

Inherited factors

Question 11

What are micro-organisms that cause disease?

Answer 11

Pathogens

Question 12

How do pathogens harm you?

Answer 12

Produce poisons and viruses damage cells when they reproduce

Question 13

Name 3 ways white blood cells work?

Answer 13

Ingest, produce anti-toxins, produce anti-bodies

Question 14

What did Semmelwiess recognise?

Answer 14

Importance of hand washing in spreading disease

Question 15

What relieves symptoms but doesn’t affect the pathogen?

Answer 15

Pain killers

Question 16

What can kill infectious diseases inside the body?

Answer 16

Antibiotics

Question 17

Overuse of antibiotics has caused what?

Answer 17

Antibiotic resistance

Question 18

MRSA is an antibiotic resistance bacteria how did it evolve?

Answer 18

Mutation produces resistant strain, theses survive and reproduce

Question 19

What is a vaccinaton?

Answer 19

Dead or inactive form of the pathogen

Question 20

What do vaccines do in the body?

Answer 20

Stimulate the white blood cells to reproduce antibodies

Question 21

What does the MMR vaccine protect against?

Answer 21

Measles, Mumps and Rubella

Question 22

How are micro-organisms grown in the lab?

Answer 22

Culture medium, petri dish, sterile inoculating loop

Question 23

What safety precaution do you need to take?

Answer 23

Secure the lid, only heat to 25C

Question 24

What detects the stimulus?

Answer 24

Receptor cells

Question 25

What are the receptors in the ear sensitive to?

Answer 25

Sound, balance

Question 26

What are receptors in the eyes sensitive to?

Answer 26

Light

Question 27

What are receptors in the nose and tongue sensitive to?

Answer 27

Chemicals

Question 28

What are receptors in the skin sensitive to?

Answer 28

Touch, pressure, pain, temperature

Question 29

What organelles do light receptors have?

Answer 29

Nucleas, cytoplasm, cell membrane

Question 30

What type of reactions are automatic and rapid?

Answer 30

Reflex actions

Question 31

What is a synapse?

Answer 31

Gap between neurones where a chemical is passed

Question 32

What is an effector?

Answer 32

Muscle or gland

Question 33

List the components of the simple reflex action!

Answer 33

Stimulus, Receptor, Sensory neurone, Relay neurone, Motor neurone, Effector, Response

Question 34

What internal conditions are maintained?

Answer 34

Water, ions, temperature, sugar levels

Question 35

Why is temperature maintained?

Answer 35

Enzymes to work best

Question 36

How are hormones transported?

Answer 36

Through the bloodstream

Question 37

What three hormones control the menstrual cycle?

Answer 37

FSH, LH, Oestrogen

Question 38

What hormone is released in the ovaries and inhibits FSH?

Answer 38

Oestrogen

Question 39

What does FSH do and where is it released from?

Answer 39

Causes the egg to mature

Question 40

What hormones are found in the pill?

Answer 40

Oestrogen and Progesterone

Question 41

What are plant hormones called?

Answer 41

Auxins

Question 42

What do plants respond to and what is it called?

Answer 42

Light (phototropism), Gravity (gravitropism)

Question 43

What do we use plant hormones for?

Answer 43

Weed killers, rooting hormones

Question 44

What is a drug?

Answer 44

Something that changes the chemical process in the body

Question 45

What is a double blind trial?

Answer 45

Doctor and patient don't know who has received the placebo

Question 46

What was thalidomide used for?

Answer 46

Originally it was used as a sleeping pill, but then for bad morning sickness

Question 47

Why was it banned?

Answer 47

Children born with deformed limbs

Question 48

Name a legal recreational drug?

Answer 48

Caffeine, nicotine, alcohol

Question 49

Name an illegal drug?

Answer 49

Cannabis, herion, ecstasy

Question 50

What do anabolic steroids do?

Answer 50

Increase muscle mass