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Biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is phenotype?

A

Your physical appearance like eye colour, hair colour,long legs, short arms

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2
Q

What are nucleotides?

A

The building blocks of DNA

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3
Q

What is a gene?

A

A structure made up of nucleotides consisting of phosphate, sugar and bases. It determines your appearance.

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4
Q

Heterozygous?

A

Different alleles which stay hidden

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5
Q

Homozygous?

A

The same alleles

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6
Q

What are X chromosomes?

A

The result of having a girl (XX)

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7
Q

What are Y chromosomes?

A

They can get paired with a x making it a boy (XY)

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8
Q

What is genotype?

A

Letters that give phenotype the appearance

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9
Q

Where are chromosomes found?

A

In the nucleus of most cells of your body

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10
Q

How many chromosomes are contained by each human sperm or egg?

A

23 Chromosomes.

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11
Q

Smallest to largest sequence ?

A

Gene- Base pair- Base sequence- Chromosome

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12
Q

Compared to the original cell in the reproductive organs the number of chromosomes in a gamete is?

A

Half

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13
Q

Definition of chromosomes

A

Thread like structures in the nucleus, composed of DNA and proteins as well as containing genetic information

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14
Q

What is replication?

A

The process of making copies in DNA

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15
Q

What is Gene splicing?

A

The process used to add a gene into or remove genes from DNA

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16
Q

What is the sugar found in DNA?

A

Deoxyribose sugar

17
Q

How many chromosomes are there in the human body?

A

46 Chromosomes

18
Q

How is one gene different from all the others?

A

Because of the order of the bases

19
Q

Difference between Haploids and diploids?

A

The chromosome in gametes while diploids are the chromosomes in body cells.

20
Q

What are the bases found in DNA?

A

Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine

21
Q

What is albinism?

A

A recessive trait

22
Q

The dominant characteristic is the….?

A

Capital letter

23
Q

What are autosomes?

A

All the chromosomes in a cell other from sex cells

24
Q

What is GG and example of?

A

Pure bred

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