Biology Flashcards
What is phenotype?
Your physical appearance like eye colour, hair colour,long legs, short arms
What are nucleotides?
The building blocks of DNA
What is a gene?
A structure made up of nucleotides consisting of phosphate, sugar and bases. It determines your appearance.
Heterozygous?
Different alleles which stay hidden
Homozygous?
The same alleles
What are X chromosomes?
The result of having a girl (XX)
What are Y chromosomes?
They can get paired with a x making it a boy (XY)
What is genotype?
Letters that give phenotype the appearance
Where are chromosomes found?
In the nucleus of most cells of your body
How many chromosomes are contained by each human sperm or egg?
23 Chromosomes.
Smallest to largest sequence ?
Gene- Base pair- Base sequence- Chromosome
Compared to the original cell in the reproductive organs the number of chromosomes in a gamete is?
Half
Definition of chromosomes
Thread like structures in the nucleus, composed of DNA and proteins as well as containing genetic information
What is replication?
The process of making copies in DNA
What is Gene splicing?
The process used to add a gene into or remove genes from DNA
What is the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar
How many chromosomes are there in the human body?
46 Chromosomes
How is one gene different from all the others?
Because of the order of the bases
Difference between Haploids and diploids?
The chromosome in gametes while diploids are the chromosomes in body cells.
What are the bases found in DNA?
Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine
What is albinism?
A recessive trait
The dominant characteristic is the….?
Capital letter
What are autosomes?
All the chromosomes in a cell other from sex cells
What is GG and example of?
Pure bred
