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hesi > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Of all the molecules that are significant to biology, which of the following are considered the most important

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nuclei can acids

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2
Q

What is the primary purpose of the flagella on the surface of cells

A

Movement of the cell

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3
Q

Which of the following is a benefit of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding of water

A

High specific heat
Cohesive and adhesive properties
A versatile solvent

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4
Q

How do phospholipids function in cells

A

Components of the plasma membrane

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5
Q

A cell from heart muscle would more than likely contain an unusually high proportion of………

A

Mitochondria

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6
Q

72 chromosomes undergo meiosis. How many will be in each gamete

A

36

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7
Q

Which component of the cell contributes to the protection, communication, and passage of substances into and out of the cell

A

Cell membrane

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8
Q

Lipids are better known as fats, but what are they specifically

A

Fatty acids
Phospholipids
Steroids

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9
Q

A cell division occurs in a human. The resulting cells contains 23 chromosomes. This is a description of gametes formed by which process

A

Meiosis

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10
Q

Why is polarity the most important characteristic of water

A

Hydrogen bonding
High specific heat value
Versatile solvent properties

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11
Q

Which of the following show how information is transformed to make a protein

A

DNA-RNA-Protein

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12
Q

Which step in cellular respiration yields the greatest amount of ATP

A

Electron transport chain

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13
Q

In a cell, reactions take place in a series of steps called

A

Metabolic pathways

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14
Q

Which of the following describes how a bacterium reproduces

A

Binary fission

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15
Q

Which organelle would you expect to be present in a cell responsible for detoxifying multiple molecules

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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16
Q

Which type of cell contains no defined nucleus

A

Prokaryotic cell

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17
Q

What is the probability that a recessive trait would be expressed in offspring if two parents who are both heterozygous for the desired trait were crossed

A

25%

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18
Q

What is the function of water in photosynthesis

A

Supply electrons in the light reactions

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19
Q

Which of the biological molecules are components of the molecules of inheritance

A

Nuclei can acids

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20
Q

Which of the following proteins catalyze different reactions or processes

A

Enzyme

21
Q

What is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism

A

Metabolism

22
Q

In the heirchic system of classification which of the following is the least inclusive

A

Species

23
Q

Proteins are polymers of which of the following

A

Amino acids

24
Q

Which of the biological molecules are considered the most significant contributor to cellular function

A

Proteins

25
Q

What is the fundamental unit of biology

A

Cells

26
Q

Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis

A

Growth and repair of body tissue

27
Q

Which RNA base is inserted complementary to the DNA base thymine (T)

A

Adenine (A)

28
Q

What are the two categories of fatty acids

A

Saturated and unsaturated fats

29
Q

When plants do not receive enough water their photosynthetic rated drops. This is because…..

A

Water is a raw material for the light reactions in photosynthesis

30
Q

After observing an event, you develop an explanation. Statement is referred to as which of the following

A

Hypothesis

31
Q

Of all the molecules that are significant to biology, which of the following are considered the most important

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nuclei can acids

32
Q

Because genetics is the study of heredity, many human disorders can be determined by studying a persons chromosomes or by creating which of the following

A

Pedigree

33
Q

Which of the following are the distinct organelles that produce cell energy

A

Mitochondria not and chloroplasts

34
Q

Regarding mitosis and cytokinesis, one difference between higher plants and animals is that in plants……..

A

In plants: a cell plate is formed during telophase

In animals: a cleavage furrow is formed at telophase

35
Q

What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production

A

Fermentation and cellular respiration

36
Q

During protein synthesis, what process uses an RNA strand to produce a complementary strand of DNA

A

Transcription

37
Q

Which of the following statements is true about the Krebs cycle and the Calvin cycle

A

Both result in ATP and NADH

38
Q

Which cell organelle functions to transport materials from the endoplasmic reticulum throughout the cell

A

Golgi apparatus

39
Q

During which phase of cell reproduction does the cell. Divide forming two separate identical cells

A

Cytokinesis

40
Q

During cell respiration, the conversion of glucose results in an overall production of how many ATP molecules

A

32-36

41
Q

Athletes are often concerned with the question of what they need in their diets to increase muscle mass and strength. What biological molecule would you recommend that would accomplish this?

A

Proteins

42
Q

A molecule of water is bonded with another molecule of water by which type of bond

A

Hydrogen

43
Q

If you wanted to determine the probability of a genotype, which of the following would you use

A

Punnett square

44
Q

The cell membrane consists of a bi layer of phospholipids with proteins, cholesterol, and glycoproteins. This belayer creates a hydrophobic region between two layers of lipids, making it which of the following

A

Selectively permeable

45
Q

What is the first step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate

A

Glycolysis

46
Q

At which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur

A

Prophase I

47
Q

How does meiosis differ from mitosis

A

Meiosis: each of the daughter cells contains half as many chromosomes as the parent

48
Q

Cells reproduce by different processes all of which fall into what two categories

A

Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction

49
Q

Heirchic classification

A 
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

hesi (5 decks)

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