Biology 3 revision

Question 1

What causes Type 1 diabetes?

How is it controlled?

Answer 1

Its caused by the pancreas producing little to no insulin ( a lack of it)
It is controlled by exercising, controlling the intake of carbohydrates (ie. sugars) and insulin therapy (injecting insulin)

Question 2

What happens when the blood sugar level becomes too high?

Answer 2

you can die if blood sugar levles become to high

Question 3

What are the advantages and disadvantages of having a kidney transplant over dialysis?

Answer 3

Advantages:
Long term, one time treatment
Its cheaper to conduct
Subject can have a relatively normal life

Disadvantages:
Risk of infection
Organ is rejected
Have to take drugs
Takes time to find a donor

Question 4

how does kidney dialysis work?

Answer 4

Patient is connected to a dialysis machine. the persons blood flows along side a partially permeable surface, on the other side flows dialysis fluid. this fluid has the same amount of ions, glucose and water that healthy blood should have. any substances that are in excess diffuse into the fluid from the blood. any substance that is in scarcity diffuses into the blood from the fluid

Question 5

Why does sugar not simply diffuse back into the blood from the nephrons?

Answer 5

because the blood needs to be healthy, so excess sugars cannot re-enter the blood. Also, sugars are being used by the body and so dont enter the blood

Question 6

Name 3 things that are reabsorbed by kidneys

Answer 6

Glucose
Water
Ions

Question 7

urine - hot day

Answer 7

on a hot day your urine would be concentrated, dark green and there would be little of it

Question 8

Give 3 ways in which water is lost from the body

Answer 8

Breathing
excreting
sweating

Question 9

what are the tree main jobs that the kidneys do?

Answer 9

Ultrafiltration
Reabsorbtion
Release of waste

Question 10

three tings that the body does to cool down

Answer 10

sweating
heavy breathing
Vascodialation

Question 11

four things that the body needs to keep at a constant amount

Answer 11

Water content
Ion content
Temperature
glucose/blood sugar levels

Question 12

Define Homeostasis

Answer 12

Homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 13

What does a stent do?

Answer 13

A stent is a metal tube that will expand to keep am artery open by squishing any blockage to the side and allowing blood to flow

Question 14

What be replaced within the heart?

Answer 14

The whole of thew heart can be replaced using a device that will pump blood. Valves can also be replaced