Biology (2.1-2.2) Flashcards
Who first observed cells?
Robert Hooke
Cell Theory?
All living things are made of 1+ cells.
- Cell = smallest unit of life.
- All new cells come from pre-existing cells.
Compound Light Microscope
magnification x1000, can
view live specimens.
Electron Microscope
magnification x500,000, cannot
view live specimens.
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
1D
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
3D
Parts of ALL cells
Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm, Genetic Material, Ribosomes
Hydrophillic (water loving)
Head
Hydrophobic (water fearing)
Tail
Cell Membrane
Creates a protective barrier
Cytoplasm
jello-like fluid inside cells.
Genetic Material
Stores and transmits info
Ribosomes
builds PROTEINS;
follows directions from DNA/RNA.
Prokaryotes
No Nucleus and No membrane bound organelles. (Smaller)
Eukaryotes
Nucleus and Membrane bound organelles. (Larger)
Phosphilipid Bilayer
creates barrier, maintains
homeostasis.
Selectively permeable
only allows certain things to
enter & exit
Homeostatis
maintains a stable internal environment,
when external changes.
Cholesterol
can be found between the phospholipids in
the membrane to stabilize and provide flexibility. Only
in animal cells.
Membrane Proteins
Transport Proteins
Receptor Proteins
Anchor Proteins
Passive Transport
No Energy/ ATP required
Diffusion
Movement from HIGH to LOW concentration
Osmosis
The process of diffusion with WATER
Active Transport
Energy/ATP Required LOW TO HIGH
Endocytosis
cell surrounds substance outside and
encloses it -> TAKES IN
Exocytosis
secretion of materials from cell ->
SENDS OUT
