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2023 - 2024 > Biology 20 - Chapter 5 : Photosynthesis review > Flashcards

Biology 20 - Chapter 5 : Photosynthesis review Flashcards

1
Q

What is a packet of energy called?

A

Photon

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2
Q

What is the name of the energy-capturing portion of photosynthesis that occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and cannot proceed without solar energy and which produces ATP and NADPH?

A

Light-dependent reactions

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3
Q

What is the name of the green pigment that absorbs solar energy?

A

Chlorophyll

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4
Q

What is the name of the semi-liquid, protein-rich compartment of the chloroplast?

A

Stroma

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5
Q

What is the name of the column of stacked thylakoids?

A

Grana

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6
Q

what is the name of the passage of electrons along a series of carrier molecules, energy released is used for ATP synthesis?

A

Chloroplast

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7
Q

What is the name of the series of photosynthetic reactions in which carbon is fixed and glucose molecules are formed, where it takes place in the stroma and does not directly require solar energy?

A

Light-independent reactions

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8
Q

What is the name of the process occurring in the chloroplast, where solar energy is captured and water + carbon dioxide are used to create oxygen and simple sugars (glucose)?

A

Photosynthesis

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9
Q

What is the name of photosynthetic clusters of pigment where solar energy is absorbed and electrons are exited?

A

Photosystem

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10
Q

What is the outer membrane of a chloroplast?

A

The “skin” of a chloroplast

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11
Q

What is the inner membrane of a chloroplast?

A

The inside “skin” of a chloroplast

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12
Q

What is the stroma?

A

Liquide filled space inside the chloroplast

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13
Q

What is a thylakoid?

A

Flattened stacks inside the stroma

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14
Q

What is the thylakoid membrane?

A

“Skin” of a thylakoid, where the light-dependant reactions happen

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15
Q

What is the thylakoid lumen?

A

Space of liquid inside the thylakoid

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16
Q

What is an autotroph?

A

Also called producers (“self-feeders”). Captured sun and self nourishes by photosynthesis

17
Q

What are three examples of autotrophs?

A

Plants, algae, sea vent bacteria

18
Q

Where are pigments located?

A

Pigments are located in the thylakoid membrane inside the photosystems.

19
Q

Why do we see plants as green?

A

Because pigment inside of the photosystems absorbs every color but reflects the color green and yellow making plants look green/yellow to humans

20
Q

Which compounds are high energy and which is low energy?

A

Oxidized (low energy) - NADP+ & ADP+
Reduced (high energy) - NADPH & ATP

21
Q

Where does NADP+ get reduced and then what is it used for?

A

NADP+ gets reduced in the electron transport chair and becomes NADPH, NADPH is then used to transfer energy from the light dependent reaction to the light-independent reaction/Calvin cycle

22
Q

Define photosynthesis.

A

Photosynthesis uses light energy to fix CO2 into glucose.

23
Q

What are the reactants of the light-dependent reactions?

A

H2O, light energy, ADP+, NADP+

24
Q

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?

A

O2, NADPH, ATP

25
Q

Where in the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions happen?

A

Inside the thylakoid and across the thylakoid membrane

26
Q

What are the reactants of the light-independent reactions?

A

CO2, ATP, NADPH

27
Q

What are the products of the light-independent reactions?

A

Glucose, ADP+, NADP+

28
Q

Where in the chloroplast do the light-independent reactions happen?

A

Inside the stroma of the chloroplast

29
Q

What is the process called when a water molecule splits?

A

Photolysis

30
Q

In what stage of the light-dependent reactions is ATP made? What is this process called?

A

H+is sent out through the ATP synthase along the concentration gradient and the energy from that get used to reduce ADP into ATP thorugh a process called chemiosmosis

31
Q

Once the pigments inside the photosystems gather a bunch of light energy from the light photons that are hitting them, where is that energy then passed on?

A

the reaction center

32
Q

What is the reaction center made up of?

A

Chlorophyll A

33
Q

What is the name of the enzyme that attached the starting molecule RuBP (5 carbons) and CO2 from the atmosphere together?

A

Rubisco

34
Q

What is it called when CO2 is grabbed from the atmosphere and put into thee Calvin Benson cycle?

A

Carbon fixation

2023 - 2024 (16 decks)

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