Biology

Question 1

Describe a plant cell

Answer 1

Rectangular, Cell wall, Darkest part = central vacuole

Question 2

Describe an animal cell

Answer 2

Circular, cell wall, darkest part = nucleus

Question 3

Describe chromatin

Answer 3

Loose, thread like fibres

Question 4

Describe chromatids

Answer 4

Duplicated dna strands

Question 5

Describe chromosomes

Answer 5

Condensed, rod shaped

Question 6

What is the purpose of mitosis?

Answer 6

Replication and reproduction

Question 7

Describe prophase

Answer 7

Chromosomes condense, spindle fibres form, nuclear envelope breaks down

Question 8

Describe metaphase

Answer 8

Chromosomes like up along the equator of the cell

Question 9

Describe anaphase

Answer 9

Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

Question 10

Telophase

Answer 10

Chromosomes lose shape, nuclear envelope reforms

Question 11

G1 phase

Answer 11

Cell rapidly grows replicate, organelles and carries normal cell functions

Question 12

G2 Phase

Answer 12

Cell produces organelles and structures for cell division

Question 13

S phase

Answer 13

Sell duplicates, DNA, now in long strands chromatids, human cell now has 92 chromosomes

Question 14

Epithelial

Answer 14

Lions, body cavities, covers outer body

Question 15

Connective

Answer 15

Joins other tissues, stores fat, fills empty space

Question 16

Muscle

Answer 16

Skeletal = movement
Smooth = lines organs
Cardiac = muscle of the heart

Question 17

Nervous

Answer 17

Creating, sending, and receiving messages throughout the body

Question 18

Cancer

Answer 18

A disease where cells grow uncontrollably, divide quickly, and spread to other parts of the body

Question 19

Cancer cells

Answer 19

Divide uncontrollably, does not perform normal cell functions using all of their energy to divide

Question 20

How cancer is diagnosed

Answer 20

Tests = physical exams, imaging, lab tests, biopsy

Question 21

How cancer is treated

Answer 21

Surgery, chemo, radiation

Question 22

How cancer is reduced

Answer 22

Avoid smoking, healthy diet, physically active, protect skin , vaccinated

Question 23

Stem cells

Answer 23

Special cells in the body that can self renewal, develop into different types of specialized cells

Question 24

Why are stem cells great interest to researchers

Answer 24

Regeneration, disease study, potential cures

Question 25

Stem cells: what ethical issues surround their use?

Answer 25

Embryonic stem cells, consent, equity

Question 26

Arteries

Answer 26

Carry blood away from the heart, oxygen rich, no valves, blood flows under high pressure

Question 27

Veins

Answer 27

Carry blood toward the heart, oxygen pour, has valves, blood flows under low pressure

Question 28

What is the nasal cavity and oral cavity used for

Answer 28

Breathing

Question 29

Pharynx

Answer 29

Passageway for air and food

Question 30

Larynx

Answer 30

Voice box, prevents food from entering trachea

Question 31

Trachea

Answer 31

Pipe that carry’s air to bronchi

Question 32

Bronchi

Answer 32

Branches of the trachea that deliver air to lungs

Question 33

Bronchioles

Answer 33

Lead to alveoli’s

Question 34

Alveoli

Answer 34

Tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs between air and blood

Question 35

Diaphragm

Answer 35

Contacts and relaxes well breathing

Question 36

Heart

Answer 36

Pumps blood throughout the body; 4 chambers (right and left atria, right and left ventricles)

Question 37

Blood vessels

Answer 37

Arteries, veins, capillaries

Question 38

Blood

Answer 38

Carries all molecules throughout the body

Question 39

Capillaries

Answer 39

Tiny vessels where nutrient and gas exchange occurs between air

Question 40

Mouth

Answer 40

Break down food by chewing with saliva

Question 41

Esophagus

Answer 41

A tube that moves food down

Question 42

Stomach

Answer 42

Digests food

Question 43

Small intestine

Answer 43

Absorbs nutrients

Question 44

Large intestine

Answer 44

Absorbs water and leftover nutrients

Question 45

Colon

Answer 45

Waste pushed in

Question 46

Rectum

Answer 46

Stored here till exited

Question 47

The path air takes as it enters the body

Answer 47

Mouth -> pharynx -> larynx -> trachea -> bronchi -> bronchioles -> alveoli -> pulmonary capillaries -> pulmonary veins -> left atrium -> left ventricle -> arteries -> capillaries

Question 48

Describe the path food takes

Answer 48

Mouth -> pharynx -> esophagus -> stomach -> small intestine -> large intestine -> colon -> rectum

Question 49

X-rays

Answer 49

Electromagnetic radiation (fractures and bone breaks)

Question 50

MRI

Answer 50

Images of tissues

Question 51

CT scan

Answer 51

X ray images (tumors, cancers)

Question 52

Ultrasound

Answer 52

Internal structures