Biology Flashcards
If a person has freckles, and freckles are dominant, will their children have freckles?
Yes.
Is recessive uppercase or lowercase?
Lowercase.
Is dominant uppercase or lowercase?
Uppercase
What is the difference between heterozygous and homozygous?
Homozygous is the same alleles, heterozygous is different alleles.
Is HH homozygous or heterozygous?
Homozygous
What cells pass on information from parents to children?
Egg cells and sperm cells.
What is a Punnet Square and how does it work?
A Punnet square is a square showing the probable genes for a baby.
It has the genes written in columns, looking like a 2x2 grid, beneath it are the phenotypes, genotypes and probability in % or _ in _
If the genotypes are heterozygous (Hh), and H is black hair and h is blonde, what is the phenotype?
Black hair (H)
What should you use to construct a Punnett square?
Pencil, pen, ruler
If a black rabbit with dominant BB alleles breeds with a white rabbit with bb alleles what colour will the babies be?
Black
Explain how selective breeding works.
- Define the trait you would like to have.
- Locate two organisms of the species with that trait.
- Breed them.
- Breed the offspring that have the desired trait
- Repeat this over many generations until all children display this trait.
What traits would farmers desire their plants to have?
Resistance to pesticide, drought or frost resistant, disease resistant, long roots
How are mammals produced?
Sexual reproduction.
How do you clone animals?
- Remove egg cell from ovary.
- Remove nucleus from egg cell.
- With empty egg cell, transfer nucleus from body cell.
- With the nucleus of the body cell, give a small electric shock.
- Ball of cells are formed, insert embryo into female’s womb.
- Cloned animal is born.
Why might humans selectively breed cats?
- Avoiding defects.
- Kind and docile
- Pretty, aesthetic
