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Melody Science > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Adaptation

A

An inherited trial of feature of an organism that enables it to survive in a specific environment

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2
Q

At risk

A

Species that could quickly be threatened if conservation management reduces such as a new threat arises

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3
Q

Behavioral adaptation

A

Behavior of an organism that enables it to survive in a specific environment

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4
Q

Biodiversity

A

A measure of the variety of organisms in a given area

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5
Q

Cell

A

The smallest unit of organization in living things all organisms are made out of cell

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6
Q

Cell membrane

A

Transports materials in and out of the cell

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7
Q

Cell wall

A

Rigid boundary only found in plant cells

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8
Q

Cell wall

A

Richard boundary only found in plant cells

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9
Q

Chloroplast

A

Site of photosynthesis only found in plants

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10
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Watery fluid that contains all the cell parts, used as a medium for chemical reactions

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11
Q

Community

A

All the living organisms found in a particular area

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12
Q

Competition

A

Our relationship between two organisms for a limited resource that harm both organisms

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13
Q

Consumer

A

An organism and a food chain that eats other plants and or animals

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14
Q

Ecology

A

The branch of biology dealing with the relations and interactions between organisms and their environment, including other organisms

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15
Q

Ecosystem

A

A system involving the interactions between a community of living organisms in a particular area and it’s not living environment

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16
Q

Endangered

A

A species is endangered if the population numbers are very low and is at risk of extinction in the near future

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17
Q

Endemic species

A

A species of organism that is only found in one area of the world

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18
Q

Excretion

A

Removing waste from the organism

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19
Q

Extinction

A

All members of our species are no longer living

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20
Q

Food chain

A

Diagram to show the flow of energy between organisms and a habitat

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21
Q

Food web

A

A food web shows all the food chains in an ecosystem, and therefore is a better representation of all the feeding relationships in an environment

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22
Q

Fungi

A

Mostly decomposers, for example, moulds mushroom and yeast

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23
Q

Growth

A

Increasing cell size and number

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24
Q

Habitat

A

The place where an organism lives

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25
Interrelationship
The way in which each of two or more things is related to the other or others
26
Tiakitanga
Guardian of war management and protection of the environment and resources within it
27
Mauri
Mauri is an energy which binds an animate all things in the ecosystem
28
Movement
Organism changes position of their body
29
Nutrition
Plants photosynthesis, animals, consuming other organisms
30
Pest
A destructive organism that causes environmental, cultural and economic effects
31
Physiological adaptation
Adaptations such as change in the organisms, biochemistry or internal mechanisms to deal with an environmental problem
32
Population
A group of organisms of the same species found in the same area
33
Producer
Plants, carry out photosynthesis to start the food chain
34
Prokaryote
Small single cell organism without a nucleus, for example bacteria
35
Protista
Small single celled organisms with a nucleus
36
Rahui
When access to, or use of, an area or resource is restricted
37
Reproduction
To produce offspring to continue the species
38
Respiration
The breakdown of glucose to produce energy
39
Sensitivity
How an organism responds to the environment
40
Structural adaptation
Physical part of an organism’s body that enables it to survive and it’s habitat
41
Threatened
Species which are the greatest risk of extinction
42
Trophic level
Level of organisation in a food chain or web for example, the producer is trophic level one
43
Microorganism
An organism that usually can only be seen with a microscope
44
Bacteria
A type of microorganism that may have round, rod or spiral shape
45
Virus
A type of microorganism that consists of nuclear material in a protein coat
46
Fungi
A type of microorganism, which includes yeast, mould and mushroom
47
Spore
Reproductive cells of fungi
48
Sporangium
Structure which produces spores
49
Hyphae
Fine threads that make up the structure of fungi
50
Flagellum
Structure which help bacteria move
51
Binary fission
The way that bacteria reproduce
52
Viral replication
The process that viruses used to prevent more viruses
53
Culture
To grow microorganisms
54
Agar gel
Jelly like substance extracted from seaweed used to grow bacteria
55
Incubate
A place in a consistent warm temperature, which is favorable growing conditions
56
Sterile
Free from all microorganisms
57
Inoculate
To add/introduce microbes
58
Decomposer
Bacteria or fungi that breaks down dead plant or animal matter to release nutrients
59
Pathogen
A disease causing microbe or microorganism
60
Disinfectant
A chemical that can destroy micro organisms
61
Antiseptic
A disinfectant that can be used on living cells to destroy microorganisms, for example, human skins
62
Antibiotic
A group of medicines designed to treat infections caused by bacteria
63
Antibiotic resistance
When bacteria are no longer destroyed by the antibiotics designed to destroy them
64
Rongoa Māori
Traditional Māori medicinal practices
65
Immunity
The body’s way of protecting itself against infection by pathogens
66
Antibody
Proteins made by white blood cells that are specific for each pathogen
67
Antigen
Any substance that causes the bodies immune system to produce antibodies against it. Any parts of bacteria or viruses can serve as antigens.
68
Passive immunity
Developed after you receive antibodies from someone or somewhere else
69
Active immunity
Develop some response to an infection or vaccination
70
Herd immunity
Occurs when a large portion of a community (the herd) becomes immune to a disease
71
Vaccination
And injection of dead or weak, can pathogens that stimulate the bodies immune response. The body produces antibodies without developing a disease.

Melody Science (4 decks)

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