Biology Flashcards
What type of research is research is based on numerical measurements?
Quantitative
Define experiment
Testing a hypothesis
Scientific explanation of facts tested over and over is called ________?
Scientific theory
Information gathered from an experiment is called _______?
Data
Define ethics-
A set of moral principles and values held by humans that are right or wrong
What is they key to studying biology?
Learn about life around you
Living organisms change during their lives through __________ and ___________?
Growth and development
Living organisms ___________ to produce more?
Reproduce
What is the reaction to a stimulus called ________?
Response to a stimulus
Define evolution-
Changes to a species over time
Biologists use ________ to discover problems in the world around them?
Observation
Define hypothesis-
Educated guess
What system does scientist use to report measurements?
System international (SI)
SI unit:
Volume
Liters
SI unit:
Distance
Meters
SI unit:
Weight
Grams
Cat and mouse have a _________ type of relationship.
Predator and prey
What happens to matter and energy as it moves from producers to carnivores.
Decreases
How much energy is lost by the time it reaches the top consumer?
10% each level
Define ecosystem
Interactions between biotic and abiotic factors
The _________ of cougars is that of a predator feeding on weak animals.
Niche
Organisms living in saltwater and shallow tidal pools are the _________ of the organism.
Habitat
How does carbon dioxide enter the biotic parts of the biosphere?
Photosynthesis, combustion, and forest fires
How is nitrogen released into the abiotic parts of the biosphere?
Death and decay caused by bacteria
Define transpiration-
Process by which water evaporates from the surface of plants
What organism forms the Base in an aquatic biome?
(Phyto) plankton
__________ species appear in an area undergoing a succession.
Pioneer
The __________ biome has a decomposition that occurs at a first rte form humus to form.
Tropical rainforest
List causes of secondary succession.
Fires, disasters, and human activity
List abiotic factors that affect the tolerance range of organisms in a lake.
Temperature, water, or light
Define estuary
Where fresh and salt water meet
What type of trees dominate the taiga biome?
Coniferous
What type of plant is common in the desert biome?
Cacti
Define secondary succession-
Uncut land or a meadow becomes a forest
Define succession
Replaces one community after another
An arid region with little or no plants is called a _________.
Desert
Define plankton
Microscopic organisms
Frozen layer of soil is called _______?
Permafrost
Which zone of the ocean is shallow enough for sunlight to penetrate called?
Photic
Define intertidal zone
Shoreline affected by tides
Colonization of a new site by communities of organisms is what type of succession?
Primary
Deciduous trees dominate which biome?
Temperate forest
A stable result of a succession is called a _____________ community.
Climax
____________ is a major limiting factor of the tundra biome.
Latitude/temperature
The great northern coniferous forest forms the __________ biome.
Taiga
What biome would you find herding animals?
Grassland
What type of growth would a bacteria population have if it doubles is size?
Exponential
What type of curve would a population have if it grows without limits to its size?
J-curve
List demographers collect and study data about.
Population size, density, and distribution
What type of factors effect increase as the size of the population increases?
Density-dependent
Part of a population expressed in terms of reproduction years is called ___________?
Age-structure
Define carrying capacity
Number of organisms environment can hold
What does not affect density-independent factors?
Population density
What shape does a population have when it reaches its carrying capacity?
S-shaped
Land tortoises and sequoias use what type of growth strategy?
K-strategy/slow growth/s-curve
What type of reproductive strategy do bacteria use?
R-strategy/slow-growth/J-curve
What type of age-structure does a country have if its not growing?
Zero-population growth rate and same for all age groups
What is destroyed by CFC’s in the atmosphere?
Ozone
What does reintroduction programs seek to establish?
Species in an area where they once lived
List causes of acid precipitation.
Burning nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide
List some extinct species
Passenger pigeons, dinosaurs, mammoth
What % of the worlds land is designated as a national park?
6-7%
What is the major focus of conservation biology?
Protecting species and biodiversity from extinction
What is the biggest threat to biodiversity?
Habitat loss
Define exotic species-
Bringing a species where it’s never lived before
What are roads cut across natural areas is called ____________?
Habitat fragmentation and corridors
What type of pesticide caused the American bald eagles to become soft?
DDT
What biome has more biodiversity?
Tropical Rainforest
What is the major concern for conservation biologists?
Protecting biodiversity
Who works with the local government to develop ways to protect wildlife habitats?
Conservation biologists/ rangers
What is edge effect?
Different environmental conditions that occur along the boundaries of an ecosystem
