Biology

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

basic structural unit of living organisms

Question 2

multicellular

Answer 2

composed of many cells

Question 3

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

jelly-like material that makes up most of a cell

Question 4

Organelles

Answer 4

part of a cell with a particular function

Question 5

Nucleus

Answer 5

organelle that contains chromosomes, controls the cell’s activities

Question 6

Chromosomes

Answer 6

thread-like structure found in the nucleus made of DNA and proteins. Contains genetic info.

Question 7

Genes

Answer 7

part of a chromosome. A length of DNA that controls a characteristic of an organism by producing a specific protein.

Question 8

Ribosomes

Answer 8

tiny structure, site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Enzymes

Answer 9

protein that acts as a biological catalyst

Question 10

Cell membrane

Answer 10

thin surface layer around cytoplasm of cell

Question 11

Partially permeable

Answer 11

membrane that is permeable to some but not all molecules

Question 12

Selectively permeable

Answer 12

membrane that allows certain ions/molecules to pass through it by active transport

Question 13

Mitochondrion

Answer 13

tiny structure. Carries out aerobic respiration and produces ATP

Question 14

Respiration

Answer 14

chemical reaction in cells where glucose is broken down to release energy

Question 15

Cell wall

Answer 15

non-living layer outside cell membrane of certain types of cell

Question 16

Cellulose

Answer 16

polysaccharide of glucose that forms plant cell walls

Question 17

Vacuole

Answer 17

membrane-bound space in certain cells filled with cell sap

Question 18

Chlorophyll

Answer 18

green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy during photosynthesis

Question 19

Catalysts

Answer 19

chemical that increases the rate of a reaction but remains unchanged at the end of it

Question 20

Metabolism

Answer 20

chemical reactions taking place inside cells

Question 21

Substrate

Answer 21

molecule upon which an enzyme acts

Question 22

Active site

Answer 22

area on the enzyme where the substrate attaches, and products are formed

Question 23

Lock and Key model

Answer 23

substrate is the ‘key’ in the enzyme’s ‘lock’ or active site

Question 24

Denatures

Answer 24

the process where the structure of a protein is damaged. If the protein is an enzyme, it will not catalyse a rection