Biology

Question 1

What is an enzyme?

Answer 1

A biological catalyst, something which speeds up chemical
reactions without being used up

Question 2

Give 3 problems caused by being underweight.

Answer 2

Health problems like a poor immune system, lack of energy
or tiredness, lack of vitamins or minerals.

Accept any other reasons that seem fitting for the question.

Question 3

Why does digestion make large molecules into
smaller ones?

Answer 3

They can then pass into the blood.

Question 4

What is the energy in food measured in?

Answer 4

Joules (J)

Accept kilo joules (Kj)

Question 5

What type of alcohol is in alcoholic drinks?

Answer 5

Ethanol

Question 6

What does the body use lipids for?

Answer 6

Insulation (keeping warm)

Accept for energy

Question 7

What does a deficiency of vitamin A lead to?

Answer 7

Night blindness (unable to see in dim light).

Question 8

What would you use to test food for starch?

Answer 8

Iodine

Question 9

What does the body use carbohydrates for?

Answer 9

Energy

Question 10

How does carbon monoxide in tobacco smoke
affect people?

Answer 10

It stops the blood from carrying as much oxygen as it
could, by binding to red blood cells instead of oxygen.

Question 11

Name the 7 components of a healthy diet.

Answer 11

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water,
Fibre.

Question 12

How do you test food for sugar?

Answer 12

Add benedict’s solution

Question 13

Give 3 health conditions caused by smoking.

Answer 13

Lung cancer, heart attacks, strokes.

Accept any other reasons that seem fitting for the question.

Question 14

What is the term for different
organisms trying to get the same
resource?

Answer 14

Competition.

Question 15

What do we call the features which
allow organisms to survive the best?

Answer 15

Adaptations.

Question 16

Give 4 adaptations of desert plants.

Answer 16

 A waxy layer preventing water from escaping.
 Stems that store water.
 Widespread roots to collect water from a
large area.
 Spines instead of leaves to reduce water loss
and prevent them from being eaten.

Accept any other reasons that seem fitting for the question.

Question 17

Give an adaptation of deciduous trees.

Answer 17

They lose their leaves in winter.

Question 18

What is the name for the range of
living organisms in an area?

Answer 18

Biodiversity.

Question 19

Give an example of discontinuous
variation.

Answer 19

Blood group, eye colour

Accept any other reasons that seem fitting for the question.

Question 20

Where is DNA found in cells?

Answer 20

The nucleus.

Question 21

What do we call a section of a
chromosome which codes for a
specific characteristic?

Answer 21

A gene

Question 22

. How many chromosomes are found in a halploid nucleus.

Answer 22

23 (46 in a normal nucleus)

Question 23

Summarise natural selection in
peppered moths.

Answer 23

 Before the industrial revolution, most
peppered moths were pale and hid on pale
trees. The odd black moth was seen and eaten
by birds.
 Pale moths survived, so most moths continued to be pale.
 During the industrial revolution, the trees
around cities got sooty and darker.
 The pale moths stood out and were eaten by
birds.
 The darker moths survived to reproduce, and
so the dark form became more common around
cities.

Accept any other reasons that seem fitting for the question.

Question 24

Give 4 causes of extinction

Answer 24

 Changes to the environment.
 Habitat destruction.
 Disease.
 New predators or competitors.

Question 25

Give the word equation for
photosynthesis.

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen

Question 26

What do producers do?

Answer 26

Make their own food.

Question 27

Why are animals called consumers?

Answer 27

They eat other organisms to survive.

Question 28

Why is there a waxy
layer on a leaf?

Answer 28

This reduces water loss by evaporation.

Question 29

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 29

carbon dioxide + water -> gluclose + oxygen.

Question 30

In what part of the cell does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 30

The chloroplasts