biology

Question 1

cellwall

Answer 1

Made of cellulose, provides
support and structure to the
cell

Question 2

nucleus

Answer 2

Contains DNA;
controls the cell’s
functions

Question 3

cellmembrane

Answer 3

Controls substances
entering and leaving the
cell

Question 4

Mitochondrion

Answer 4

Respiration takes place
here, releasing energy

Question 5

cytoplasm

Answer 5

Gel-like substance,
where most chemical
reactions take place

Question 6

chloroplast

Answer 6

Contains chlorophyll,
traps light, required for
photosynthesis

Question 7

vacuole

Answer 7

contains a solution of water, sugar and salt

Question 8

bacterial cells

Answer 8

Bacteria are much smaller and
simpler. They are surrounded by
a nuclear membrane and have
DNA in the cytoplasm (rather
than having a nucleus).

They sometimes have small ‘hairs’
(flagella) to help them to move,
and they can reproduce very
quickly.

Question 9

specialized cells

Answer 9

Some cells appear to be a bit different from ‘the normal’ cells studied
last lesson. These cells may have different shapes or features that
enable them to perform a specific function effectively.

Question 10

palisade mesophyll

Answer 10

Palisade mesophyll cells are tall and narrow, and have many
chloroplasts. These are found near the leaf’s upper
surface so that the chloroplasts can absorb light for
photosynthesis.

Question 11

root hair cell

Answer 11

Root hair cells have a long hair extending out, providing a
large surface area to absorb water and nutrients. There
are no chloroplasts, since these cells are underground.

Question 12

phloem cells

Answer 12

Phloem cells are long and thin, with gaps at the end to
allow sugary water to flow freely.

Question 13

guard cells

Answer 13

Guard cells, on the underside of leaves,
change shape to open the stoma (hole)
to allow gases
in and out of the leaf.

Question 14

tissues

Answer 14

groups of cells of the same type working together

Question 15

plant tissues

Answer 15

include palisade mesophyll, xylem and phloem

Question 16

organs

Answer 16

structures that are made up of several tissue types working together to perform an
essential function.

Question 17

plants organ

Answer 17

include leaves, the stem, flowers and roots

Question 18

photosynesis

Answer 18

Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction:
energy from sunlight is used to convert carbon
dioxide and water into glucose (a sugar) and
oxygen).