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ELS > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Deals with the structures, functions, and relationships of living organisms with the environment

A

Biology

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2
Q

“Bios” means what?

A

Life

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3
Q

“Logos” means what

A

Study

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4
Q

What is the Study of Life?

A

Biology

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5
Q

Origin, growth, evolution, and distribution of organisms

A

Biology

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6
Q

It starts with the _______

A

Tiniest / simplest cells

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7
Q

Life begins on a ________

A

Cellular level

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8
Q

The most basic unit of life

A

Cells

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9
Q

They are complex & highly organized and have parts called organelles that do different functions necessary for survival.

A

Cells

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10
Q

Simplest cells and do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.

A

Prokaryotes

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11
Q

“Pro” means what?

A

Before

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12
Q

“Karyon” means what?

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

“Eu-“ means what?

A

True

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14
Q

These are more complex than prokaryotes, they do have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

A

Eukaryotes

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15
Q

Which is larger: Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes?

A

Eukaryotes

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16
Q

Larger eukaryotic cells have developed what to enhance cellular transport.

A

different structural adaptations

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17
Q

These are living organisms that are made up of one cell.

A

Unicellular

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18
Q

These are living organisms that are made up of many specialized cells.

A

Multicellular

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19
Q

A level of organization in multicellular organisms

A

Tissues

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20
Q

Enumerate the tissues

A

(ECMN)
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue

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21
Q

Group of tissues working together

A

Organ Systems

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22
Q

How many Organ Systems do we have?

A

11

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23
Q

Enumerate the Organ Systems

A

(MUSCLE RIR)
Integumentary System
Muscular System
Skeletal System
Urinary System
Circulatory System
Lymphatic System
Endocrine System
Reproductive System (ovary and testes)
Respiratory System

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24
Q

Creates protective boundaries and is involved in the diffusion of ions and molecules

A

Epithelial Tissue

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25
Q

Are flat and sheet-like in appearance

A

Squamous Epithelium

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26
Q

Are cube-like in appearance, meaning they have equal width, height and depth

A

Cuboidal Epithelium

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27
Q

Are column-like in appearance, meaning they are taller than they are wide

A

Columnar Epithelium

28
Q

Squamous Epithelium based on arrangement

A

Simple and Stratified

29
Q

there’s only one layer of cells

A

Simple

30
Q

made up of more than one layer of cells

A

Stratified

31
Q

made up of closely packed cells that appear to be arranged in layers because they’re different sizes, but there’s actually just one layer of cells

A

Pseudostratified

32
Q

usually seen in columnar and cuboidal type

A

Pseudostratified

33
Q

made up of several layers of cells that become flattened when stretched.

A

Transitional Epithelium

34
Q

Underlies and supports other tissue types

A

Connective Tissues

35
Q

The fibers and cells are loosely arranged in the semi-fluid matrix. They are found between many organs as a filling and act as a shock absorber and reservoir for salt and fluid.

A

Loose Connective Tissue

36
Q

They form the subcutaneous layer under the skin along with adipose tissues, attaching muscles and other structures to the skin.

A

Loose Connective Tissue

37
Q

They are present under the skin and store fat. It acts as a shock absorber and helps in maintaining body temperature in colder environments.

A

Adipose Tissue

38
Q

protect kidneys and are also found at the back of the eye, in the hump of camels, blubber of whales, etc.

A

White adipose tissues

39
Q

found in infants, polar bears, penguins and other animals found in cold regions. It contains more mitochondria and generates 20 times more heat as compared to the other fat. It releases metabolic heat.

A

Brown adipose tissue

40
Q

fibroblast cells and fibers are compactly packed

A

Dense Connective Tissue

41
Q

Their main function is to support and transmit mechanical forces.

A

Dense Connective Tissue

42
Q

They are somewhat less flexible than loose connective tissue.

A

Dense Connective Tissue

43
Q

Dense connective tissue two types

A

Tendons
Ligaments
Bones

44
Q

There are supportive connective tissues that help in maintaining correct posture and support interna

A

Special / Fluid Connective Tissue

45
Q

There are about ___ muscles in the human body.

A

600

46
Q

It has a range of functions from pumping blood and supporting movement.

A

Muscle Tissues

47
Q

These movements may be voluntary or involuntary.

A

Muscle Tissues

48
Q

Muscle of the heart
Only covering walls of the heart
Are usually involuntary muscles

A

Cardiac

49
Q

They are striated, branched, and uninucleated

A

Cardiac

50
Q

Organs
Usually covering wall of internal organs
Are usually involuntary muscles

A

Smooth

51
Q

They are non-striated, spindle-shaped, and uninucleated

A

Smooth

52
Q

It is attached to skeletons
Are usually voluntary muscles

A

Skeletal

53
Q

They are striated, tubular, and multi nucleated

A

Skeletal

54
Q

Transmits and integrates information through the central and peripheral nervous systems

A

Nervous Tissue

55
Q

Sending out informations in the body

A

Nervous Tissue

56
Q

The smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

A

Atom

57
Q

Chemical structure involving at least two atoms bound together by one or more chemical bonds

A

Molecule

58
Q

Tiny structures that exist inside the cells

A

Organelle

59
Q

An individual living thing which exhibits all the properties of life

A

Organism

60
Q

Group of organism that live together

A

Population

61
Q

All organisms of the same group or species that live in a specific area and are capable of breeding among themselves

A

Population

62
Q

Group of different populations

A

Community

63
Q

An interacting group of various species in a common location

A

Community

64
Q

How we thrive living together with the living and nonliving things

A

Ecosystem

65
Q

Is a structural and functional unit of ecology where the living organisms interact with each other and the surrounding environment

A

Ecosystem

66
Q

A group of all ecosystems, and it signifies the zones of life on earth.

A

Biosphere

ELS (2 decks)

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