Biology Flashcards
What is the composition of inhaled air?
Oxygen=21%
Carbon dioxide=0.03%
Nitrogen=79%
What is the calculation involving, cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate?
Cardiac output = stroke volume (times) heart rate.
Why does heart rate increase during exercise?
As more glucose and oxygen is needed, the blood pumped per minute and the blood flow to muscles increases affecting your heart rate.
Label the main bones in the human skeleton
How do antagonistic muscles work?
One muscle contracts and the other also contracts to bring the muscle back to its original position.
Label the female and male reproductive anatomy
What is the typical age range for puberty?
8-14
What does the amniotic sac do?
Protect the foetus from physical bumps and helps regulate the temperature.
What is an environmental gene?
Language, tattoos, hair length
What is a genetic gene?
Blood group, hair colour.
What includes both types of genetic variation?
Intelligence, skin colour.
What are monogenic traits
They are usually discrete
What are polygenic traits?
They are usually continuous
What is the relationship between a chromosome and a gene?
Genes are contained in chromosomes, which is in the cell nucleus.
How many chromosome pairs are there?
23, the last pair determines the gender (XX female, XY male)
