Biology

Question 1

What is a monomer?

Answer 1

A building block of larger molecules

Question 2

What is a polymer?

Answer 2

Many monomers bonded together to make a larger molecule

Question 3

What is an amino acid?

Answer 3

The monomer of protein

Question 4

What is dehydration synthesis?

Answer 4

Bonding two molecules together by removing water

Question 5

What is hydrolysis?

Answer 5

To break down larger molecules into smaller ones by adding water

Question 6

How many different types of amino acids are there?

Answer 6

20

Question 7

How many amino acids are essential?

Answer 7

9

Question 8

What is the function of enzymes?

Answer 8

To help make the reactions in your body happen faster

Question 9

What is the function of collagen?

Answer 9

To help your skin stretch

Question 10

What are examples of structural components?

Answer 10

Hair, feathers, and horns

Question 11

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 11

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen

Question 12

How many levels of protein structure are there

Answer 12

4

Question 13

What is the primary structure of protein

Answer 13

The amino acid chain that is held together by peptide bonds

Question 14

What is the secondary structure of protein?

Answer 14

When either a beta-sheet or alpha helix is formed by the hydrogen bonds.

Question 15

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

Answer 15

The way the side chains of the amino acid sequence interact with each other causes the amino acid sequence to “fold in on itself

Question 16

What is the quaternary structure of protein?

Answer 16

When two or more amino acid chains interact

Question 17

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Answer 17

Carbon, hydrogen, and carbon

Question 18

What is a monosaccharide?

Answer 18

The monomer food in carbohydrates

Question 19

How many sugars are in a monosaccaride?

Answer 19

1 (mono)

Question 20

What is the polymer of carbohydrates?

Answer 20

Polysaccharides (many sugars)

Question 21

What is glucose?

Answer 21

Sugar that is used for energy

Question 22

Where is fructose found

Answer 22

Fruits

Question 23

Where is galactose found?

Answer 23

Dairy

Question 24

What is a disaccharide?

Answer 24

2 monosaccharides combined

Question 25

How do you break down a disaccharide?

Answer 25

Add water

Question 26

What is sucrose? (disaccharide)

Answer 26

Fructose+glucose

Question 27

What is maltose made of? (di)

Answer 27

Glucose glucose

Question 28

What is a polysaccharide?

Answer 28

Many monosaccharides bonded together used to sustain energy

Question 29

What is starch and why is it used?

Answer 29

Glucose storage in plants is needed because plants can't stop performing photosynthesis

Question 30

What is glycogen?

Answer 30

Excess glucose storage in animals, ancestors adapted to low amounts of food for long times

Question 31

What is cellulose?

Answer 31

Structural support in plants found in plant cell walls, can’t be digested by most animals

Question 32

What are lipids?

Answer 32

Fatty acids that store energy

Question 33

How many calories of energy are there for every lipid?

Answer 33

9

Question 34

What is the most common type of lipid?

Answer 34

Triglycerides

Question 35

What are triglycerides made up of?

Answer 35

1 glycerol and 3 fatty acid tails

Question 36

What is glycerol?

Answer 36

alcohol with 3C, each with a hydroxyl group (-OH), hydrophilic

Question 37

What are the polymers of lipids?

Answer 37

Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids

Question 38

What are triglycerides?

Answer 38

The fats in food

Question 39

What do phospholipids make up?

Answer 39

The cell membrane

Question 40

What are steroids?

Answer 40

Horomones

Question 41

What are saturated fats?

Answer 41

Fats that are solid at room temp and come from animal sources (steak)

Question 42

What are unsaturated fats?

Answer 42

Fats that are liquid at room temp and come from plant sources (Oils)

Question 43

Where is DNA located?

Answer 43

In the nucleus

Question 44

Where is RNA located?

Answer 44

In the cytoplasm

Question 45

How many strands are in DNA?

Answer 45

2 strands

Question 46

How many strands are in RNA?

Answer 46

1 strand