Biology 101 Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.
What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?
The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle).
Where does photosynthesis take place in a plant cell?
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis.
What is the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
During which stage of photosynthesis is oxygen released?
Oxygen is released during the light-dependent reactions.
What is the purpose of the Calvin Cycle?
The purpose of the Calvin Cycle is to produce glucose (sugar) using ATP and NADPH generated during the light-dependent reactions.
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
The products of the light-dependent reactions are ATP, NADPH, and oxygen.
What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
Water is split during the light-dependent reactions to provide electrons for the photosystems and to release oxygen as a byproduct.
What is the source of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis?
The source of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis is the air.
What is the significance of photosynthesis in the ecosystem?
Photosynthesis is significant in the ecosystem as it is the primary process that produces oxygen and food for other organisms.
What is the role of light in photosynthesis?
Light is the energy source that drives the process of photosynthesis.
What is the function of stomata in photosynthesis?
Stomata are small openings on leaves that allow carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to exit during photosynthesis.
What factors can affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Factors such as light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration can affect the rate of photosynthesis.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are used in cellular respiration to produce ATP and carbon dioxide.
What is the role of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis?
ATP and NADPH are energy carriers that are used to fuel the Calvin Cycle and produce glucose.
What is the main function of the thylakoid membrane in photosynthesis?
The main function of the thylakoid membrane is to house the photosystems that capture light energy during the light-dependent reactions.
What is photophosphorylation in photosynthesis?
Photophosphorylation is the process of generating ATP using the energy of sunlight during the light-dependent reactions.
What is the role of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?
The electron transport chain helps generate a proton gradient that is used to produce ATP during photosynthesis.
What is the significance of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?
Photosynthesis plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle by converting carbon dioxide into organic compounds that can be used by living organisms.
What is the importance of photosystem II in photosynthesis?
Photosystem II is essential for splitting water molecules to release electrons, protons, and oxygen during the light-dependent reactions.
What is the role of rubisco in photosynthesis?
Rubisco is an enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin Cycle by fixing carbon dioxide to produce sugars.
How does the concentration of carbon dioxide affect photosynthesis?
An increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide can enhance the rate of photosynthesis, as it is a key reactant in the process.
What is the significance of photosynthesis in the food chain?
Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy for most living organisms in the food chain, as it produces organic compounds that are consumed by other organisms.
