Biologically improtant molecules Flashcards
water-“loving”
hydrophilic
water- “fearing”
hydrophobic
two or more polypeptide chains coming together and bonding with each other
quaternary structure
to permanently change the 3 dimensional structure of a protein
denature
the subunit that makes up nucleic acids- 4 types in DNA are ATCG
nucleotide
the smallest unit of matter that cannot normally be broken into smaller particles
atom
the process of breaking down large fat droplets into smaller fat droplets
emulsification
the loose association of amino acids in a polypeptide chain with each other, usually through H-bonds e.g. alpha helix, beta pleated sheet
secondary structure
the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein, which ultimately determines its shape
primary structure
the building block of protein - there are 20 different kinds normally found in nature
amino acid
the bond that forms between two amino acids joined by dehydration synthesis
peptide bond
the 3-D shape of a polypeptide chain due to it folding back on itself and forming bonds
tertiary structure
molecules with identical formulas but different structural arrangements of atoms
isomers
elements with identical atomic numbers, but different number of neutrons
isotopes
creating a bond between two atoms by taking OH from one atom and H from the other
dehydration synthesis
breaking a bond between two atoms by adding OH to one atom and H to the other
hydrolysis
