biological theories affecting policy - DIET, SURGERY, DRUGS

Question 1

what are the 3 examples of BIOCHEMICAL POLICY TREATMENTS?

Answer 1

1. DRUG TREATMENTS
2. DIET
3. SURGERY

Question 2

how are DRUG TREATMENTS used to TREAT ALCOHOLISM?

Answer 2

the drug ANTABUSE is used to TREAT ALCOHOLISM - prevents the body from from breaking down alcohol, causing hangover symptoms if the user consumes any alcohol

Question 3

how are DRUG TREATMENTS used to MANAGE PRISONERS?

Answer 3

sedatives and tranquillisers such as VALIUM have been used to keep potentially violent prisoners calm

Question 4

how are DRUG TREATMENTS used to TREAT SEX OFFENDERS?

Answer 4

• STILBESTROL is a form of CHEMICAL CASTRATION - female hormones that suppresses testosterone = reduces men’s sex drive
• side effects = breast development, feminisation, psychiatric disorders

Question 5

how are DRUG TREATMENTS used to TREAT HEROIN ADDICTION?

Answer 5

METHADONE is used to TREAT ADDICTS = long term alternative or to prevent withdrawal

Question 6

DIET - what did GESCH (2022) FIND?

Answer 6

GESCH (2022) showed that supplementing prisoner’s diets with vitamins, minerals, and fatty acids, it reduces anti-social behaviour

Question 7

DIET - what can VITAMIN B3 be used for?

Answer 7

VITAMIN B3 can be used to treat some forms of SCHIZOPHRENIA, sometimes associated with violent behaviour

Question 8

DIET - what did VIRKUNEN (1987) FIND?

Answer 8

VIRKUNEN (1987) found that violent offenders had LOWER THAN AVERAGE SEROTONIN LEVELS - treatment with a diet of foods that boost this e.g. salmon, fresh tuna, eggs

Question 9

how do SEROTONIN levels link with CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR?

Answer 9

LOW SEROTONIN LEVELS increase impulsive behaviour, being easily provoked and aggression

Question 10

what is LOBOTOMY?

Answer 10

major SURGICAL procedure that involves cutting the connection between frontal lobes and the thalamus

Question 11

what was LOBOTOMY used to treat?

Answer 11

• schizophrenia
• violent crimes
• sexual crimes

Question 12

why is LOBOTOMY not used?

Answer 12

can have serious side effects e.g. epilepsy, brain infections, dementia

Question 13

what was SURGICAL CASTRATION used for?

Answer 13

used on sex offenders to reduce their sex drive and change offending behaviour/reduce chances of committing sexual crimes

Question 14

what THEORIES support BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES as treatments?

Answer 14

JACOB’S XYY THEORY and WARRIOR (MAOA) GENE THEORY