Biological System

Question 1

What are the main atoms that composed all living beings?

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur (CHNOPS)

Question 2

What are cells composed of ?

Answer 2

Water (70%), Fat (Lipid), Sugar, Nucleic Acid (DNA, RNA), Amido acids (proteins)

Question 3

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Answer 3

DNA-> primary storage, more stable, stored in nucleus
RNA->out of nucleus, more resistant, convert genes to code for proteins

Question 4

How do we call the entire DNA of a cell ?

Answer 4

The genome

Question 5

How do we call a section of DNA that code for specific proteins?

Answer 5

A gene

Question 6

What is the role of proteins in the cell?

Answer 6

-main catalyst for chemical reactions
-assure health of organism
-transfer messages

Question 7

What are the stages of the protein synthesis?

Answer 7

-transcription->Gene in the nucleus transcribed by mRNA (messenger RNA)
-mRNA leave nucleus
-translation->Ribosome translate mRNA and collects amino acids on tRNA (transfer RNA)
-create chain of amino acids –>proteins

Question 8

What is a protein isoform ?

Answer 8

A protein isoform is a version of a protein among other versions resulting from one single gene.