biological signalling and receptors

Question 1

what is pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

what the body does to the drug

Question 2

what is pharmacodynamics

Answer 2

what the drug does to the body

Question 3

types of signalling outside cells

Answer 3

paracrine-chemicals travel through interstitious tissue and bind to target cells in that area
synaptic- transmission of neurotransmitter across cleft
endocrine- hormones in blood
by molecules- e.g ions that open channels

Question 4

types of signalling molecule

Answer 4

neurotransmitter, hormones and local chemical mediators

Question 5

2 larger categories of cell signalling

Answer 5

cell surface receptors or intracellular where molecule is lipophilic

Question 6

what is a receptor

Answer 6

molecule that recognises a specific ligand and responds to it by regulating intracellular activity

Question 7

what are agonist’s and antagonists

Answer 7

agonist= response 
antagonist = no response (blocks)

Question 8

km of receptor for ligand

Answer 8

bind very tightly- much higher than that of active site for substrate

Question 9

how receptors are classified

Answer 9

classified by agonist and sub classified by the affinity of the antagonist binding

Question 10

2 types of receptors with that also respond to ach

Answer 10

nicotinic and muscarinic. muscarinic can also be subtypes into M1,M2 and M3 which all have different affinities for the agnoist

Question 11

4 types of receptor

Answer 11

integral ion channels-ligand binds and opens channel (conformational change) 
receptors with integral enzyme activity (binding activates kinase which phosphorylates specific protein)
GPCR 
intracellular receptors (enters cell and causes inhibitory complex to detach allowing gene expression