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Biological Molecules (Photosynthesis) Flashcards

1
Q

Organism that uses the Light energy from the sun to produce their foods

A

Autotrophs

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2
Q

Organism that cannot use sun’s energy to make foods

A

Heterotrophs

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3
Q

Is the process by which the energy of sunlight is converted into the energy of glucose

A

Photosynthesis

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4
Q

3 Materials/Reactants of photosynthesis to produce oxygen and glucose

A

Water
Carbon dioxide
Sunlight

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5
Q

form of energy

A

Light

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6
Q

mixture of all visible light

A

White Light

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7
Q

When passed through a glass prism, ____ is separated into all visible spectrum (ROYGBIV)

A

White Light

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8
Q

It appears color green. It absorbs ROYBIV and reflect green

A

Chlorophyll

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9
Q

Light-absorbing pigment, within the thylakoid of chloroplast

A

Chlorophyll

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10
Q

It is responsible for giving the plants the green color

A

Chlorophyll

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11
Q

If chlorophyll does not absorb green, do you think green light can be used for photosynthesis?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Procedure used to separate and identify the mixture such as pigments.

A

Paper Chromatography

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13
Q

facts about paper chromatography

A

Different size of pigments travel different speed. The small pigments travel farther up the paper

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14
Q

Who are the scientist is the early experiment of the discovery of photosynthesis

A

Jean Baptista Van Helmont
Joseph Priestley
Jan Ingenhousz
Julius Van Mayer

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15
Q

A 17th century flemish chemist

A

Jean Baptista Van Helmont

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16
Q

Thought that plants “extracted” bulk of their food from the soil

A

Van Helmont, 1841

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17
Q

Other scientist assume that plants gained sized and weight from _______, while some assume that _____ alone gave the plants their heft.

A

Carbon Dioxide
Water

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18
Q

was the first to report the discovery of oxygen and describe some of its extraordinary properties

A

Joseph Priestley

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19
Q

He uses a candle and a plant to observe oxygen.
He compared a candle under the lid or cover with and without plants

A

Joseph Priestley

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20
Q

He is a Dutch Scientist

A

Jan Ingenhousz

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21
Q

Having herd the Priestley’s experiment, he began to conduct an experiment on his own

A

Jan Ingenhousz

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22
Q

He put the plants under the water and collect gas/oxygen

A

Jan Ingenhousz

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23
Q

He is a German Physicist

A

Julius Van Mayer

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24
Q

he is the first to propose that energy is neither created or destroyed

A

Julius Van Mayer

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25
He is the first to suggest that plants derived their energy for growth from sunlight
Julius Van Mayer
26
He explained photosynthesis as a process that created organic molecule - sugar(glucoe) - from inorganic molecule carbon dioxide and water.
Julius Van Mayer
27
It is the process by which the autotrophs convert light energy into chemical of organic compound
Photosynthesis
28
How many percent photosynthesis is carried on by algae in the sea and lakes.
90%
29
What part of the photosynthesis takes up?
Chloroplast inside the leaves
30
What are the parts of Chloroplast
Inner membrane Outer membrane Thylakoid Stoma
31
Stack like photosynthesis membranes
Thylakoid
32
Thylakoid is stack called _____
Singular: Granum Plural: Grana
33
Region outside the thylakoid
Stroma
34
It is the fluid inside the chloroplast
Stroma
35
Fluid inside of the thylakoid also known as inner thylakoid space
Lumen
36
Products of photosynthesis
Glucose Oxygen
37
Light energy splits water
Light dependent reaction
38
it occurs in the grana
Light dependent reaction
39
Chlorophyll is excited electrons, moving in the higher orbital to higher energy
Light dependent reaction
40
oxygen is released
Light dependent reaction
41
Hydrogen is taken up by NADP+ (coenzyme), forming NADPH
Light dependent reaction
42
When hydrogen is taken up by NADP+, what produce will be formed?
NADPH
43
What is the reactant of NADPH
NADP+
44
at light dependent reaction the energy is stored in?
ATP
45
Occurs in stroma
Calvin Cycle also known as light independent reaction
46
it needs steady stream of light
Light dependent reaction
47
Chlorophyll absorbs energy form light waves, which is converted into chemical energy on the form of the molecules ATP and NADPH
Light dependent reaction
48
It uses carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH to synthesis glucose - chemical energy
Calvin Cycle
49
In Calvin cycle the energy is stored in ___ and ___ to convert Carbon dioxide and PGAL, a chemical stable 3-carbon compound
ATP and NADPH
50
The energy stored in ATP and NADPH is converted into?
Carbon dioxide and PGAL, a chemical stable 3-carbon compound
51
In Calvin Cycle PGAL is converted into?
Glucose
52
What is the full name of ADP
Adenosine Diphosphate
53
it is similar to ATP, but it only has 2 phosphate group
ADP
54
the cell stores energy by adding phosphate in ADP to produce
ATP
55
It is a useable form of energy for the cell
ATP
56
it is like a fully charged battery ready to power the cell
ATP
57
The energy in the ATP is released when?
The high energy chemical compound is broken
58
in ATP the energy is stored in?
Bond
59
Release of energy is stored in?
Chemical compound
60
It is the organelle that carries out the photosynthesis
Chloroplast
61
the light-absorbing pigment chlorophyll is found inside the?
Thylakoid
62
Takes glucose and oxygen gas and converts it back into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process.
Cellular Respiration
63
breaking down foods (glucose) to produce ATP
Cellular Respiration
64
transfer of chemical energy (glucose) into useable form (ATP)
Cellular Respiration
65
Occurs continuously inside the mitochondria of both plants and animals
Cellular Respiration
66
Reactants of Cellular Respiration
Oxygen Glucose
67
Product of cellular Respiration
Carbon dioxide Water ATP
68
2 types of cellular respiration
Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic Respiration
69
This respiration does not use oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration
70
Respiration that occurs in the cytoplasm
Anaerobic Respiration
71
Respiration that the pyruvate may undergo fermentation
Anaerobic Respiration
72
Respiration that requires Oxygen
Aerobic Respiration
73
Respiration that occurs in mitochondria
Aerobic Respiration
74
What is the structure (parts) of mitochondria
Inner membrane Outer membrane Matrix
75
Parts of mitochondria that covers the organelle and contains it
Outer membrane
76
Parts of mitochondria that fold over many times (Cristae) increasing the surface.
Inner membrane
77
parts of inner membrane that fold many times to increase the surface
Cristae
78
The fluid inside the mitochondria
Matrix
79
what are the three steps in Cellular respiration
Glycolysis Kerb's cycle/ citric acid cycle Electron transport chain
80
Step of cellular respiration that occurs in cytoplasm
Glycolysis
81
Step in cellular respiration that does not use oxygen
Glycolysis
82
Breaking down of glucose in two 3-carbon molecule of pyruvic acid
Glycolysis
83
What are the products of Glycolysis (4)
2 molecules of pyruvic ATP NADH water
84
it produces 4 ATP molecule, a net gain of 2 ATP
Glycolysis
85
What type of respiration is glycolysis
Anaerobic respiration also known as fermentation
86
The process making ATP without oxygen
Anaerobic Respiration
87
It is the process also known as Fermentation
Anaerobic respiration
88
Anaerobic is also known as
Fermentation
89
The process makes very little ATP-only 2
Anaerobic Respiration
90
Large animal cannot survive
Anaerobic Respiration
91
Performed by yeast
Alcohol Fermentation
92
it makes beer, wine, bread
Alcohol Fermentation
93
Performed by bacteria and animals
Lactic acid Fermentation
94
It make yogurt, sauerkraut, pickles, cheeses
bacteria
95
Animals feel fatigue in muscle
Lactic Acid Fermentation
96
Step of cellular respiration also known as citric acid cycle
Kerb's cycle
97
what are the two steps in cellular respiration that occur in mitochondria
Kerb's Cycle Electron transport chain
98
pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide
Kerb's cycle
99
NAD+ and FAD pick up hydrogen atoms (high energy electron)
Kerb's cycle
100
uses high energy electrons (NADH2 and FAD) to convert ADP to ATP
Electron transport chain
101
Oxygen serves as the final electron (H) acceptor forming water
Electron Transport chain
102
Oxygen serves as the final electron (H) acceptor forming?
Water
103
The products of electron transport chain
ATP NAD+ FAD water protons

General Biology (2 decks)

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