Biological molecules - lipids

Question 1

Are triglycerides polymers?

Answer 1

No, they are formed from 3 fatty acids and one glycerol molecule, not repeating units of a single monomer.

Question 2

What are lipids made up of?

Answer 2

Lipids are made up of a mix of different, smaller molecules joined together.

Question 3

What are fatty acids made up of?

Answer 3

A hydrocarbon chain attached to a carboxyl group.

Question 4

How is a triglyceride formed?

Answer 4

It is formed by a condensation reaction with ester bonds joining 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule

Question 5

Where is an ester bond formed?

Answer 5

It is formed between the glycerol molecule and fatty acid

Question 6

Chemical formula for fatty acid

Answer 6

RCOOH

Question 7

2 types of lipid -

Answer 7

• triglyceride
• phospholipid

Question 8

What is a phospholipid broken down into?

Answer 8

broken down into phosphates
- via hydrolysis reaction

Question 9

What is a triglyceride broken down into?

Answer 9

broken down into 1 glycerol molecule and 3 fatty acids
- via hydrolysis reaction

Question 10

What makes a fatty acid saturated?

Answer 10

• having no double bonds between its carbon atoms

Question 11

What makes a fatty acid unsaturated?

Answer 11

• having one or more double bonds between its carbon atoms

Question 12

What is the name for a fatty acid that has more than one double bond between its carbon atoms?

Answer 12

• a polyunsaturated fatty acid