Biological molecules- carbohydrates

Question 1

SDefine a condensation reaction

Answer 1

Joining of monomers via chemical bonds and the removal of water

Question 2

Define a hydrolysis reaction

Answer 2

Addition of water in order to break a chemical bond between 2 molecules

Question 3

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate, and give an example

Answer 3

Monosaccharide
Glucose

Question 4

What is the polymer of a carbohydrate, and give an example

Answer 4

Polysaccharide
Starch

Question 5

Give the 3 components of a carbohydrate molecule

Answer 5

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

Question 6

How does an beta glucose molecule differ from an alpha glucose molecule

Answer 6

In beta glucose, the OH group is above the plane of the ring where in alpha it is below

Question 7

State 3 uses of carbohydrates

Answer 7

substrate for respiration
energy store
structural support

Question 8

Monosaccharides have a carbon backbone, what does this mean

Answer 8

one carbon forms a double bond with an oxygen, other carbons are bonded to hydrogen and a hydroxyl group

Question 9

What is isomerism

Answer 9

Glucose taking a differing structure

Question 10

how many carbon atoms does glucose contain?

Answer 10

6 carbons

Question 11

Give the definition of a disaccharide

Answer 11

2 monomers joined together by a 1-4 glycosidic bond

Question 12

Glucose + Glucose=

Answer 12

Maltose

Question 13

Glucose +——- = lactose

Answer 13

glactose

Question 14

Glucose + fructose =

Answer 14

sucrose

Question 15

What are polysaccharides

Answer 15

Many glucose units joined together

Question 16

Which type of glucose to these complex carbohydrates contain?
glycogen
starch
cellulose

Answer 16

Gylcogen= alpha
starch = alpha
Cellulose = beta