Biological molecules (ATP)

Question 1

What is ATP formed from

Answer 1

ATP is a nucleotide derivative formed from:
–> A ribose sugar
–> An adenine base
–> 3 inorganic phosphate groups

Question 2

What does ATP stand for

Answer 2

Adenine Triphosphate

Question 3

What does ADP stand for

Answer 3

Adenine diphosphate ( only 2 phosphate groups compared to ATP which has 3)

Question 4

When is ATP formed

Answer 4

During respiration
During photosynthesis

Question 5

Give the equation used to release energy through hydrolysation of ATP

Answer 5

ATP + H20 –> ADP + Pi

Question 6

What enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis reaction of ATP into ADP and pi

Answer 6

ATP hydrolase

Question 7

What enzyme catalyses the condensation reaction of ADP and an inorganic phosphate group into ATP

Answer 7

ATP synthase

Question 8

Give the equation used to represents the condensation reaction of ADP and Pi into ATP

Answer 8

ADP + Pi ⟶ ATP + H2O

Question 9

What can the released inorganic ion be used for

Answer 9

Phosphorylation - can join to other compounds to make them more reactive

Question 10

Give 5 important properties of ATP

Answer 10

ATP is released in small amounts so little energy wasted as heat
ATP is a small and soluble so transports energy to anywhere in a cell that mitochondria are in
Only 1 bond needs to hydrolysed ( 1 step process) so energy release is immediate
ATP can be used to phosphorylate other compounds, often making them more reactive
ATP can’t pass out of cells so that cell always has an immediate supply of energy