Biological Molecules Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the four major organic compounds?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids

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2
Q

What is the main function of carbohydrates?

A

To be used as an energy source for organisms

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3
Q

What are carbohydrates made of?

A

monosaccharides - sugars. the most important being glucose

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4
Q

What do carbohydrates contain?

A

Carbon, oxygen and hydrogen

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5
Q

What do lipids contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and phosphorus or nitrogen

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6
Q

What are lipids made up of?

A

one glycerol and three fatty acids

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7
Q

What types of lipids are there?

A
  • fats and oils (energy stores)
  • phospholipids (cell membranes)
  • steroids
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8
Q

What do proteins contain?

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and usually sulfur

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9
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. 20 different amino acids

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10
Q

What types of proteins are there?

A

structural, enzymes, hormones and carrier molecules

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11
Q

What are nucleic acids?

A

DNA, RNA and nucleotide monomers

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