Biological molecules Flashcards
what is metabolism
all of the chemical processes that take place in a living organism
what is a condensation reaction
chemical process by which two molecules combine to form a more complex one with the elimination of a simple substance, usually water.
what is a hydrolysis reaction
a chemical process whereby polymers are broken down by the addition of a water molecule
what is a neutron
occur in the nucleus of an atom. no electrical charge
what is a proton
occur in the nucleus of atoms and have a positive charge
what is an electron
orbit in shells along way from the nucleus and have a negative charge
what is a polymer
a chain of multiple monomers
what is a monomer
individual molecules that make up polymers
what is a monosaccharide
basic monomer unit for a carbohydrate
what is a disaccharide
2 monosaccharides bonded together
what is a polysaccharide
multiple monosaccharides bonded together
how do you test for reducing sugars?
benedict’s test:
add 2cm^3 of the sample into a test tube. dissolve in water if not already in liquid form
add an equal volume of benedicts reagent
heat in water bath for 5 mins
red if high levels of reducing sugar blue if low
glucose + glucose = ?
maltose
glucose + fructose = ?
sucrose
glucose + galactose = ?
lactose
