BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

Question 1

MAGNESIUM

Answer 1

Constituent of chlorophyll

Question 2

IRON

Answer 2

In haemoglobin, carry oxygen around in the blood

Question 3

CALCIUM

Answer 3

Strengthen teeth & bones, form part of the cellulose cell walls in plant cells

Question 4

PHOSPHATE

Answer 4

Found in cell membranes (phospholipids) & nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)

Question 5

CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 5

Contains the elements:
- Carbon
- Hydrogen
- Oxygen

Monosaccharide - 1 - glucose
Disaccharide - 2 - maltose
Polysaccharide - more than 2 - starch
Function: energy storage & structural

Question 6

ISOMERS

Answer 6

Same molecular formula but different structural formula.

Question 7

ALPHA & BETA

Answer 7

Alpha: hydroxyl group is below the plane of the ring on carbon one.
Beta: hydroxyl group is above the plane of the ring on carbon one.

Question 8

CONDENSATION & HYDROLYSIS

Answer 8

Condensation: H2O is released (make)
Hydrolysis: H2O is added (break)

Question 9

DISACCHARIDES

Answer 9

Double sugar unit made up of 2 monosaccharides, joined by a glycosidic bond.
- Formed by a condensation reaction
- Broken down by a hydrolysis reaction

Question 10

MALTOSE

Answer 10

Malt sugar

Maltose is formed through a condensation reaction between 2 alpha glucose.
Water (H2O) is released during this reaction.
Maltose is made by a alpha 1-4 glycosidic bond.