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Oggy's Class > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

1
Q

What elements are found within Carbohydrates?

A

Carbon. Hydrogen and Oxygen

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2
Q

What is a single unit of sugar called?

A

Monosaccharides

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3
Q

Name the three main Monosaccharide

A

Glucose, Galactose and Fructose

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4
Q

What reaction occurs when two monosaccharides join together?

A

Condensation Reaction

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5
Q

What is formed when two Monosaccharides join together?

A

Disaccharide

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6
Q

Name three Polysaccharides

A

Starch, Cellulose, and Glycogen

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7
Q

Are polysaccharides soluble in water?

A

No

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8
Q

What is Starch mainly made of?

A

Amylose and Amylopectin

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9
Q

What are monosaccharides?

A

the simplest sugars that have the same number of carbon as oxygen atoms. They are the monomers of carbohydrates.

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10
Q

what type of bond is formed between two monosaccharides in a condensation reaction?

A

glycosidic bond

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11
Q

what is lost in a condensation reaction?

A

Water

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12
Q

what is the main storage polysaccharide in plants?

A

Starch

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13
Q

which two monosaccharides make lactose?

A

Glucose and Galactose

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14
Q

What is a polysaccharide

A

very large chain of linked monosaccharide units;

polymer consisting entirely of D-glucose units

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15
Q

What is a monomer?

A

a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer.

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16
Q

What are nucleotides?

A

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

17
Q

What is the fundamental unit of starch?

A

D-glucose

18
Q

What is glycolysis?

A

Breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid or lactic acid for ATP production

19
Q

What hormone lowers blood glucose levels?

A

Insulin

20
Q

What is glycogenesis?

A

Process of glucose converting into glycogen

Oggy's Class (2 decks)

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