biological - Genetic Theories Flashcards
What is twin studies
The idea that a heritable trait may increase the risk of criminal behaviour
Define monozygotic twins
Identical twins for one egg which share 100% DNA
Define dizygotic twins
Non identical twins from two separate eggs sharing 50% of DNA
What do the twin studies which have taken place show
Evidence to suggest genetics or nature may play a role in criminality
What did Johannesburg find in 1929 through the study of 30 pairs of twins- twin studies
In 1929 a study of 30 pairs where studied and it was found that 10 out of 13 MZ had served time and 2 out of 17 DZ had served time
What did statistics did Christiansen find - twin studies
Criminality for MZ was 35% and for DZ was 13%
what is the point in the adoption studies theory
explains how criminality is the comparison of criminals with both their biological and adoptive parents
what does it mean if criminal behaviour in a child is similar to that of their biological parents
a genetic basis of criminality I suggested
what did medick et al discover from looking at court convictions in a small European country
14,000 adoptees were around them, many of which had biological parents who were criminals
what relationship did medick et al discover from the adopted criminals
strong relationship between if a farther had committed a crime and then their son did
what does the Jacob XYY study suggest
criminality can be attributed to an abnormality in chromosomes
what’s the pattern of chromosomes to determine a woman
XX
what’s the pattern of chromosomes to determine a man
XY
what did Jacob et al suggest if a man has an extra Y chromosome
these males would be more aggressive
what was Jacob XXY study based on
imprisoned males
what did many of Jacobs prisoners have a history of
history of violent assault and aggression
