Biological Foundation of Behavior 1 Flashcards
What are the three main biological foundations of behavior?
The nervous system, endocrine glands, and genetic mechanisms.
What is the most important biological organ in psychology?
The brain.
What is the role of the nervous system in behavior?
It acts as the biological control center, transmitting messages through billions of neurons.
What are the primary units of the nervous system?
Neurons.
What are the three main parts of a neuron?
Cell body, dendrites, and axons.
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
It encases axons in a white fatty coating, helping speed up neural transmission.
What are the two types of message transmission in the nervous system?
Neural transmission (via action potential) and synaptic transmission (via neurotransmitters).
What is neural transmission?
The movement of an electrical signal from one end of the neuron to the other.
What is synaptic transmission?
The process of neurotransmitters transferring signals from one neuron to another.
Name five key neurotransmitters in the brain.
Acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, and glutamate.
