Biological Clocks

Question 0

Free Running Rhythms

Answer 0

Diurnal animals

Greater than 24 hours

Question 1

Entrainment

Answer 1

Process by which biological clocks become reset to local conditions

Question 2

SCN

Answer 2

Suprachiasmatic Nuclei

Part of the brain that play role of pacemaker

Question 3

Hormone for Biological Clocks

Answer 3

Melatonin

Question 4

Ultradian Rhythms

Answer 4

Epicycles

Short and Variable

Question 5

Clock Order

Answer 5

Ultradian (Epicycles), Circatidal, Circadian, Circalunidian, Circannual

Question 6

Zeitgeiber

Answer 6

time giver: cue that resets biological clock (usually light/dark)

Question 7

Biological Rhythms

Answer 7

behavior, patterns, and activities can be directly related to distinct environmental features that occur with regular requency

Question 8

Biological Clocks

Answer 8

internal mechanisms regulating rhythms (respond to undetectable cues)

Question 9

Diurnal

Answer 9

up during the day

Question 10

Crepuscular

Answer 10

up during dawn/dusk

Question 11

SCN as a Pacemaker

Answer 11

Per gene produces PER which increases until it’s peak, then tau gene turns on and degrades PER (or PER will bind to TIM to inhibit per production). At low levels, the inhibition is removed and per production increases. Happens on a 24 hour cycle

Question 12

Why have a biological clock?

Answer 12

To prepare for environmental change - don’t want to only rely on the environment