Biological bases and memory 5 Flashcards

1
Q

a unitary model of memory

A

-input-encoding- storage- retrieval- output

=forgetting

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2
Q

Atkinson and shiffrin’s (1971)

=multi-store model of memory

A

sensory memory- short term memory - rehearsal or retrieval - long term memory
=forgetting

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3
Q

the stage theory of memory

A

short term memory

long-term memory

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4
Q

short term memory

A
  • limited capacity (7+_2)

- rapid forgetting

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5
Q

long term memory

A
  • massive capacity

- very slow/no forgetting

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6
Q

the serial position effect

A

15 words with immediate recall

predicted recall performance
actual recall performance- primacy =LTM and receny= STM

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7
Q

further evidence for the existence of two memory system

A

differential manipulation of primacy and recency effect

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8
Q

neuropsychological evidence

A

medial temporal lobe damage

- produces dense anterograde amnesia (LTM) with intact STM

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9
Q

H.M (1926-2008)

A

patient with medial temporal lobe damage

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10
Q

Atkinson and Shiffrin model

A

rehearsal is crucial for transfer of information into LTM

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11
Q

Craik and Watkin (1973)

= maintenance rehearsal

A

instructions: hold G words in memory until next one occurs and then hold that one

daughter, oil, garden , gain , table , football anchor, giraffe, pillow, thunder

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12
Q

Baddely and Hitch (1974)

A

if short term memory is unitary then information processing should always be limited at 7+_ 2

primary task:
-16 word list for immediate recall= auditory presentation

supplementary task:
recall either 3 or 6 digits =visual presentations

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13
Q

Baddely and Hitch (1974)

Results/findings

A
  • argued that the picture of STM provided by the multi-store model= too simple.
  • according to multi store model - STM holds limited amounts of information for SHORT periods of time with little processing,
  • it is unitary system
  • means it is single system without subsystems
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14
Q

they proposed 3 components in working memory (STM)

A
  • central executive = in command
  • visospatial sketchpad = inner eye
  • phonological loop = inner ear/voice
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15
Q

Ma te al (2014)

= are working memory limits a capacity/ processing problem?

A
  • if items slot- into a fixed capacity working memory then item number - should not DECREASE ACCURACY of response
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16
Q

Ma et al (2014)

results/findings

A

there are PROCESSING rather than capacity limitations on STM

STM= mental workbench rather than STORAGE PLATFORM
-focus on ACTIVE manipulation than PASSIVE maintenance