Biological approach Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the assumptions to the biological approach ?

A
  • Humans are biological beings
  • Innate behaviours
  • Behaviours have a physical basis
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2
Q

What do the biological approach say about neurochemistry ?

A
  • chemicals in the brain
  • behaviours and thought rely on neurotransmitter and synaptic transmission
  • Imbalance of neurotransmitters can impact mental health (OCD, schizophrenia, depression)
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3
Q

How do we investigate whether behaviours are inherited ?

A

Twin studies
- Twin studies are done to investigate whether certain psychological characteristics have a genetic basis
- This is achieved by analysing concordance rates (the extent to which twins share the same characteristics)

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4
Q

What is a genotype ?

A

Actual genetic makeup

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5
Q

What is a phenotype ?

A

Expression of genes through characteristics, interaction with environment

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6
Q

What do the biological approach say about evolution and behaviour ?

A
  • Charles Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection
  • He said that the main principle of this theory is that any genetically determine behaviour that enhances an individuals survival will continue future generation
  • In nature the most desirable characteristics will naturally be selected and bred
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7
Q

What are the strengths to the biological approach ?

A

Use of scientific methods
- Rigorous brain scanning, twin studies.
- They give high levels of control.
- These methods are precise and objective.

Real world application
- Increased understanding of neurochemical processes in the brain us associated with the use of psychoactive drugs to treat serious mental disorder
- promoted antidepressant drugs to treat clinical depression

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8
Q

What is a limitation of the biological approach ?

A

Biological determinism
Determinist approach - see’s human behaviour as governed by internal, genetic causes which we have no control over.
Also by it being a purely genetic argument it becomes problematic
Suggests that the approach is too simplistic and ignores the mediating effects of the environment

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