Biological

Question 1

AO1: levels of testosterone (sex hormones with lower levels in women than men, found in testes and ovaries. Carried all over the body to endocrine system)

Answer 1

AO3: dabbs (1980) - higher testosterone found in (691 male - saliva) prisoners w/ more violent crimes

Question 2

AO1: prefrontal cortex is implicated in aggression (planning, judging risks and empathy)

Answer 2

AO3: phinneas gage got a iron tamping pole pierced through his prefrontal cortex and after recovery he was described as being more aggressive and violent

Question 3

AO1: amygdala - memory, decision making and emotional reactions

Answer 3

Charlie’s Whitman - murdered his family and shot a dozen strangers and then killed himself. In his autopsy after his suicide, they found a tumour the size of a pecan nut pressing against his amygdala

Question 4

Ao1: amygdala

Answer 4

Ao3: egger and Flynn used electrodes to stimulate the amygdala directly. They introduced a rat to the cats cage where the cat wouldn’t react, however when the amygdala was electrically stimulated, the cat immediately killed the rat.

Question 5

Repression

Answer 5

Repressing back the ‘ids’ demand into the unconscious mind

Question 6

Denial

Answer 6

IDs feelings and urges acted upon, but conscious mind refuses to admit to it.

Question 7

Projection

Answer 7

Ids feelings denied and super-egos hostility directed towards other people who seem to be acting on those same feelings (judgmental about the person doing things you secretly want to do)

Question 8

Displacement

Answer 8

Ids urges acted upon (directed at different target - blaming others)

Question 9

Sublimation

Answer 9

Ids urges acted upon, but transformed into something socially acceptable.