BIologic/ Targeted therapy Flashcards
What are CAR T-cells?
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells
Engineered cells that direct cells toward specific antigenic targets in cancers
Broad categories of immunotherapy options in cancer treatment?
CAR T-cells
Interferons
Interleukins
Immune Checkpoint inhibitors
Immuno-modulatory drugs
Cancers interferons commonly used in?
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) in melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.
Common AE of interferons?
Flu like symptoms - diminishes with time
Fatigue - doesn’t really diminish
Cancers Interleukins commonly used in?
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) in renal cell carcinoma and melanoma
Side effects of interleukin 2?
(Sepsis in a jar)
Early:
- capillary leak syndrome, hypotension, pulmonary oedema,
Later:
- autoimmune thyroiditis
- vitiligo
what does CTLA4 stand for?
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen 4
Common CTLA4 inhibitor?
ipilimumab
Common immunomodulatory drugs in cancer?
And their general effect
thalidomide, lenalidomide, pomalidomide
anti-angiogenic functions, as well as effects on cytokine production, tumour/stromal interactions and T-cell costimulatory functions.
Basic subcategories/ types of targeted drugs?
MABs
Intracellular signal inhibitors
Proteosome inhibitors
Antigens targeted by MABs in Cancer?
EGFR
CTLA4, PD-1/ PDL-1
VEGFR
RANKL
Name some small molecule inhibitors used in cancer
Specific type of targeted agent used in BRCA mutations?
PARP inhibitors
Name some genes targeted by small molecule inhibitors in cancer?
EGFR
PDGFRA
ALK
c-MET
c-KIT
RET
BRAF
mTOR
BRCA1/ BRCA2
In what cancer(s) is EGFR targeted, and what type of drug targets it?
Breast (MAB - trastuzumab, pertuzumab)
Gatric (MAB - trastuzumab)
Colorectal (MAB - cetuximab, panitumab)
Oropharyngeal (MAB - cetuximab)
Lung (TKI - erlotinib, gifitinib, atatinib)
