Biol4 - Respiration - Aerobic and Anaerobic

Question 0

Glycolysis?

Answer 0

~6C glucose molecule splits to from 2x 3C pyruvate molecules ~2ATP needed to supply energy for reaction ~4ATP generated ~therefore NET gain = 2ATP ~NAD is reduced to form reduced NAD ~takes place in cytoplasm

Question 1

Aerobic Respiration? Which order?

Answer 1

~glucose is broken down in a series of enzyme-catalysed reactions ~the main are in this order: glycolysis-> Link Reaction-> Krebs Cycle-> Electron Transport Chain

Question 2

Link Reaction?

Answer 2

~pyruvate is oxidised (removing H+) ~NAD accepts H+ forming reduced NAD (prood of redox) ~CO2 released from pyruvate ~CoenzymeA added to now 2C acetyl group (from released CO2) ~froms acetylcoenzyme A (acetylCoA) ~reaction in mitochondria (pyruvate, unlike glucose, is small enough to pass through mitochondrial membrane

Question 3

Krebs Cycle

Answer 3

~4C molecule combines with 2C acetylcoenzyme A to from 6C intermediate ~2CO2 molecules are removed from 6C molecule ~NAD and FAD are reduced (forming wanted reduced NAD and reduced FAD) ~some ATP are generated ~results in 4C molecule which can combine with more acetylCoA ~cycle therefore visible ~reaction in mitochondrial matrix

Question 4

Electron transport chain?

Answer 4

~reduced coenzymes NAD and FAD release a H+ and an e- ~the e- from these pass down a chain of electron carrier molecules at successively lower energy levels ~energy released from this is used to pump H+ across membrane ~proton gradient forms (high conc H+ below) means… ~H+ pass back across membrane through ATP synthase ~energy released here used to phosphorylate ADP ~O2 acts as final electron acceptor and forms H2O

Question 5

Glycolysis diagram?

Answer 5

Question 6

Link Reaction Diagram?

Answer 6

Question 7

Krebs Cycle Diagram?

Answer 7

Question 8

Electron Transport Chain Diagram?

Answer 8

Question 9

Electron Transport Chain Explanation (Diagram)

Answer 9