biol lab FINAL Flashcards
Grantia RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Parazoa, Porifera
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-No body plan
-No digestive system
-marine environments
-filter feeders: filters out bad things and gets nutrition from good things
-skeleton made of spicules
-Sessile
-large opening called the osculum so water and waste can leave the sponge
-internal cavity called spongocoel
-Hermaphroditic and fragmentation
-Spongilla
Hydra RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Cnidaria
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-Radial symmetry
-Diploblastic acoelomate
-Gastrovascular system
-freshwater
-use tentacles to bring food close to mouth
-hydrostatic skeleton
-sessile: use of basal disc
-Budding asexual reproduction
-Nerve net: can coordinate neurons to fire so muscles can contract to expel waste
-Cnidoblasts help with protection and feeding
-basal disc which keeps it sessile
-moon jellyfish
Dugesia RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Platyhelminthes
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-Bilateral
-Triploblastic acoelomate
-Gastrovascular
-freshwater
-consumption through mouth and expels through mouth
-hydrostatic skeleton
-motile: has cilia on the bottom to move
-has cephilization: oceili (eyespots)
-has true muscle cells
-Hermaphroditic but can use binary fission
-tape worm
Turbatrix RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Nematoda
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-bilateral symmetry
-Triploblastic pseudocoelomate
-Tubular gut
-freshwater and moist soil
-ingests through mouth breaking down in intestine
-hydrostatic skeleton
-motile: longitudinal muscles contract and moves in a whip like motion
-protected in an outer coat called the cuticle
-has mouth, anus, pharynx intestine
-separate sexes
Lumbricus RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Annelids
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-Bilateral symmetry
-Triploblastic coelomate
-Tubular gut
-Soil
-Ingest through mouth and break down in the intestine
-hydrostatic skeleton
-Motile through segmentation of circular longitudinal muscles which act against the fluid within the coelom.
-pharynx, esophagus gizzard, intestine, anus
-flexible outer layer called cuticle
-Hermaphroditic
-Leech
Pomacea RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Mollusca
-Heterotrophic
-multicellular
-Bilateral
-Triploblastic coelomate
-Tubular gut
-Freshwater
-radula to scrape and eat food, they are omnivores.
-Exoskeleton Calcium carbonate shell
-Motile through muscular contractions and glides on a film of mucus
-gills and lungs
-Radula tongue-like mouth that has teeth and scrapes food
-Operculum
-eyes and tentacles
-foot, visceral mass, mantle
-separate sexes
-octopus
Cambarus RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, Subkingdom, phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system type
-Habitat
-Food/energy
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-reproduction
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Arthropoda
-Heterotrophic
-multicellular
-Bilateral
-Triploblastic coelomate
-Tubular gut
-freshwater
-Eats with mandibles and is digested in intestines
-Has an exoskeleton made of chitin
-motile with its walking legs
-Cheliped pincers, walking legs, mandibles, gonopods (male only),
-pleopods that help circulate water to breath
-2 antennae’s
-separate sexes
-shrimp
coelom meaning
-A fluid filled body cavity that contains the internal organs.
tubular gut vs gastrovascular
tubular- A mouth and anus separate holes
Gastrovascular cavity- the mouth and anus are the same hole
Picea (coniferophyta)
-Eukarya, Plantae, Coniferophyta
-found on land boreal regions
-uses photosynthesis
-sporophyte dominant
-vascular
-uses female and male cones to reproduce
-the male gametophyte are spores inside of the male cones
Lilium (anthophyta)
-sporophyte dominant
-vascular
-uses pollen as the male gametophyte
-uses pistil and ovaries to reproduce
-produces fruit to attract pollinators
roots and leaves: examples of modifications
leaves- ooze nectar to attract, water storage
stems- water storage, thorns for defense
roots- specialized for food storage
a seed contains 3 things
-embryo
-seed coat
-food source
name for the bottom of a polyp (sessile) cnidarian
basal disc
Bifidobacterium RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-prokaryotic/eukaryotic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Bacteria, Bacteria, Actinobacteria
-prokaryotic
-Heterotrophic
-unicellular
-found in gastrointestinal tract
-food/energy obtained through saprotrophic means (enzymes break down)
-sessile
-reproduce: Binary fission
-capsule for protection against stomach acid
-peptidoglycan for cell wall
-Streptococcus
Anabaena RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-prokaryotic/eukaryotic
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Bacteria, Bacteria, Cyanobacteria
-prokaryotic
-Autotrophic
-multicellular
-found in freshwater (Blue-green algae)
-uses photosynthesis
-motile
-fragmentation
-heterocyst for nitrogen fixation
-gelatinous sheath which holds its multiple cells together
-Thylakoid membrane for photosynthesis
-peptidoglycan for cell wall
-Spirulina
Halobacterium RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-prokaryotic/eukaryotic
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Archea, Eukaryota, Eukaryota
-Prokaryote
-Heterotrophic
-unicellular
-saline waters
-acquires food from organic compounds and uses bacteriohordopsin to obtain chemical energy
-motile through flagellum
-Binary fission
-gas vesicles to go towards sunlight
-haloprodopsin to balance salt concentrations.
-Bacteriohodopsin to create proton gradient using sunlight
-Halococcus
Amoebozoa RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-prokaryotic/eukaryotic
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Protista, Amoebozoa
-Eukaryotic
-Heterotrophic
-Unicellular
-freshwater
-captures prey in a process called phagocytosis and uses food vacuole
-pseudopod movement called cytoplasmic streaming
-binary fission
-has contractile vacuole to balance water
-pseudopodia to capture food
-for spot test, the contractile vacuole is the empty patch in the amoeba
-Entamoeba gingivalis
Paramecium RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Protista, ciliophora
-Heterotrophic
-unicellular
-fresh and salt waters
-engulfed through oral groove and put into food vacuole where enzymes break down (saprotrophs)
-uses cilia
-binary fission
-two nuclei
-two contractile vacuoles to help pump water in and out of the cell
-has no cell wall but has pellicle which serves as a protective layer
-Euglena
Micrasterias RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Protista, Charophyta
-Autotrophic
-unicellular
-freshwaters
-photosynthesis
-secretion of mucilage to propel forward
-sexual (fusion of gametes) and asexual (binary fission)
-the isthmus for binary fission
-chlorophyll and chloroplasts
-pyrenoids that store sugar
-zygospore to remain dormant in harsh conditions
-Protoccus
Fucus RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-unicellular/colonial/multicellular
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Protista, Phaeophyta
-autotrophic
-multicellular
-high rocky marine shorelines
-photosynthesis
-sessile
-sexual through pores that have conceptacles that allow for reproduction
-Fucus have pneumatocysts that keep it floating during high tide
-hold fasts to keep it attached to the ground
-for spot test: thallus are the big long things, receptacle are on the end of it
-Diatoms
reproductive structure for:
-Chytridiomycota
-Zygomycota
-Ascomycota
-Basidiomycota
-Gametangia
-Zygospore
-Ascocarp
-Basidiocarp
Structure where meiosis occurs for:
-Chytridiomycota
-Zygomycota
-Ascomycota
-Basidiomycota
-Sporangium
-Zygosporangium
-Ascus
-Basidium
Cells produced by meiosis for:
-Chytridiomycota
-Zygomycota
-Ascomycota
-Basidiomycota
-Zoospore
-Spores
-Ascospores
-Basidiospores
Allomyces RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Aseptate/Septate
-nucleate/multinucleate
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Fungi, Chytridiomycota
-heterotrophic
-Aseptate
-Multinucleate
-freshwater
-Saprotrophic
-sessile
-Asexual: sporangia formation then zoospore release. Repeat.
-Sexual: Gametangia formation then fertilization then zygote development. Repeat.
-Batrachochytrium
Rhizopus RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Aseptate/Septate
-nucleate/multinucleate
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Fungi, Zygomycota
-heterotrophic
-Aseptate
-Multinucleate
-soil, decaying fruit, old bread, feces
-Saprotrophic
-sessile
-Asexual: spores produced by sporangium land and grow into new mycelium
-Sexual: When male and female sporangia come into contact and fuse to make new zygosporangium
-spot test: stolons are horizontal stems, Rhizoids are vertical stems, sporangium is the tip, sporangiophore is the stem coming from the tip (sporangium)
-Phyomyces
Sordaria RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Aseptate/Septate
-uninucleate/multinucleate
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Fungi, Ascomycota
-heterotrophic
-septate
-uninucleate
-feces of animals
-saprotrophic
-sessile
-Sexual: 2 haploid mycelia fuse into diploid zygote inside the ascus.
-Ascocarp is the large structure that serves as protection
-ascus are the pods that carry the ascospores
-Claviceps
Agaricus RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Aseptate/Septate
-nucleate/multinucleate
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Fungi, Basidiomycota
-heterotrophic
-septate
-uninucleate
-soil rich areas
-saprotrophic
-sessile
-Sexual: 2 haploid hyphae come into contact beneath the soil. Eventually the basidiocarp (cap) grows, the gills create basidiospores and discharge them into soil to make new.
-spot test: basidiocarp is the mushroom
-Shiitake mushrooms
5 adaptations that allowed plants to conquer land?
1.Prevention of desiccation (drying out)
2.Absorption of water and inorganic nutrients
3.Transportation of nutrients and water
4. Support against gravity
5. Dispersal/ reproduce on dry land
define homosporous and heterosporous
homosporous: plants that produce only one size of spores
heterosporous: produces microspores and megaspores
All members of kingdom plantae are united by features (3)
-Alternation of generations
-Gametangia and sporangia with multicellular walls
-embryos nourished and protected by the gametophyte
Polytrichum RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Unicellular/multicellular
-vascular/non-vascular
-dominant generation: Gametophyte/Sporophyte
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Plantae, Bryophyta
-autotrophic
-multicellular
-non-vascular
-Gametophyte dominant
-wet/moist environments
-photosynthesis
-sessile
-alternation of generations: female and male gametophytes have egg and sperm to fertilize the zygote into making new sporophyte that produces spores to new.
-operculum to protect the spores
-antheridium are the male holding sperm.
-archegonia are the female that have egg.
-Sphagnum
Lycopodium RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Unicellular/multicellular
-vascular/non-vascular
-dominant generation: Gametophyte/Sporophyte
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Plantae, Lycopodiophyta
-autotrophic
-multicellular
-vascular
-sporophyte
-wet/moisty environments
-photosynthesis
-sessile
-Asexual: if a spore lands, it will grow into a bisexual gametophyte. Bisexual gametophyte produces antheridia and archegonia.
-Sexual: Fertilization results in a diploid zygote which develops into a new sporophyte plant.
-
-Selanginella
Polypodium RO fill in
-Domain, kingdom, phylum
-autotrophic or heterotrophic
-Unicellular/multicellular
-vascular/non-vascular
-dominant generation: Gametophyte/Sporophyte
-habitat
-food/energy
-sessile or motile
-reproduction
-adaptations
-spot test???
-1 friend
-Eukarya, Plantae, Pteridiophyta
-autotrophic
-multicellular
-vascular
-Sporophyte
-moist terrestrial environments
-photosynthesis
-sessile
-Sexual: Spores produce gametophyte with both antheridium and archegonium, when they are fertilized the zygote turns into a sporophyte with sori to produce spores.
-Ferns have megaphylls which are just big leaves.
-They have sori that are on the underside of the megaphyll that are the sporangium that produce the spores.
-Rhizomes that are horizontal stems
-Salvinia
Parts of the heart to know
-Left and right atria
-left and right ventricles
-superior and inferior vena cava
-pulmonary artery and vein
-aorta
-Aortic, Pulmonary, mitral and tricuspid valves
Pisaster RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, subkingdom, Phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system
-Habitat
-Food/energy obtained
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or Motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-Separate sexes/Hermaphroditic
-1 frend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, echniodermata
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-Penta-radial
-Tubular gut
-cold-water Marine environments
-Uses arms to surround its prey and use mouth to eat and digest
-Endoskeleton
-Motile through tube feet that grip onto surfaces
-separate sexes
-five arms attached to a central disc.
-small light colored spot on top is madreporite: allows water to move in and out of the starfish to keep pressure within water vascular system.
-tube feet for gas exchange
-rows of spines for protection of tube feet
-pyloric stomach and cardiac stomach
-sea cucumber
Perca RO fill in
-Domain, Kingdom, subkingdom, Phylum
-Autotrophic/Heterotrophic
-Unicellular/Multicellular
-Symmetry
-Body plan
-Digestive system
-Habitat
-Food/energy obtained
-Type of skeleton
-Sessile or Motile
-Adaptations to mode of life
-Separate sexes/Hermaphroditic
-1 frend
-Eukarya, Animalia, Eumetazoa, Chordata
-Heterotrophic
-Multicellular
-Bilateral
-triploblastic coelomate
-Tubular gut
-freshwater environments
-uses jaws to grip prey and swallow with mouth
-Endoskeleton
-Motile through Axial locomotion directed and controlled by the spinal cord. Uses paired fins for maneuvering and stability
-bony scales for protection
-scales covered in mucus
-eyes and internal ears
-nostrils
-gill cover called the operculum
-Separate sexes
All chordates in their lifetime posses the following features:
-Notochord
-Hollow dorsal nerve chord
-Pharyngeal gill slits
-Post anal tail
Each Perca gill contains 3 parts:
-Gill arch
-Gill filament
-Gill rakers
The 5 parts of Animalia’s transition to land
-Locomotion: 4 limbs
- Organs for Gas exchange: gills to lungs
-Skin: for blood vessels
-Reproduction: Internal fertilization
-Circulatory system
Path flow of blood in mammalian heart
Deoxygenated blood going to right atrium via superior vena cava, then goes to right ventricle via tricuspid valve, to pulmonary artery, to the lungs, back to heart via pulmonary valve. Oxygenated blood returns via pulmonary veins and goes to left atrium, oxygenated blood then goes to left ventricle, then blood pumps into aorta via the aortic valve. Then repeats through inferior vena cava.
Homologous forelimbs
